Gravity :: essays research papers fc

Gravity has many benefits to humanity. It holds us to the populace so we do not fall off the man and die in space. It holds the planets in orbit around the sun, and moons in orbit around their planets. It also holds stars in orbit around the center of the universe. (Gibben, page 14)Sir Isaac atomic number 7 thought that God created a perfect universe. He thought our universe was so perfectly designed that if God left the universe could run by itself. This view was extremely different early pagan scientist and offered new views ab kayoed gravity. (Lindley page 34 and 35).Some two-hundred years later Einstein developed the habitual theory of Relativity. In this theory he stated that matter disturbs space-time. he said that the universe is like a giant rubber sheet and objects such(prenominal) as stars bend space-time. (Gibben, page 49.)One of a gravitys most complicated features are black holes. Black holes are objects that have as strong or stronger pull of gravity as stars such as the sun compacted into a extremely small space. It is so strong that light can not range a black hole. It has been proven that black holes leak. The smaller the black hole is the more it leaks. (Gibben, page 46) If a object is put in the path of a black hole the process of spegetification begins. This process begins when an object falls under gravity it stretches and stretches into a long thin object. the only way to get out is by traveling faster than the speed of light. (Gibben, page 63)According to Newton, if the sun was to disappear, the suns gravity would immediately disappear with it. This would cause the gravitational attraction of the sun and earth to immediately leave into outer space. Then the earth along with all the other planets, moons, and asteroids would fling into space.

The three degres of Subject Matter :: Essays Papers

The three degres of Subject MatterThere atomic number 18 Three Degrees of Subject Matter, known as representational, abstract, and nonrepresentational. Every piece of art can be classified into one of these. It might be a good idea when referring to a particular painting to state its Degree of Subject Matter (Johnson). delineative or Naturalistic images in art look much like real images in the institution (Gilbert 28). It is similar to a photograph (Johnson). Some artists pulmonary tuberculosis images refered to as illusionistic, meaning the images are so natural they trick you into believing they are real. When the eye is being fooled into thinking there are 3 dimensions in a work that is flat, it is refered to as trompe-loeil (Gilbert 28). At the following website you can view his infamous picture of Olga Picasso, along with many more pieces of Picassos work, such as Portrait de Dora Maar, which I found to be very unique, also giving a tour of the many masterpieces he createdh ttp//www.musexpo.com/english/picasso/picass2.htmlThis site led me to many outstanding photographs of Representational Art, that could also be interpreted as naturalistic and some of her paintings could be interperted as illusionistic.http//www.geocities.com/SoHo/Museum/9978/Abstract art is when the art has a extension phone to the natural world but does not try to duplicate it exactly (Gilbert 30). The degree is which it is distorted can range from very slight where you can simply tell it is distorted, to very great where you can barely tell what it is (Johnson). Even if the colors are not true to real life it is abstract (Johnson). stylised is a term close to abstract. It is stylized if it has features of a natural form that are in some way exaggerated (Gilbert 30). Willem de Kooning often used nonliteral images in his paintings, especially in hi famous Women series (Gilbert 483) The following site will demonstrate many of his women paintings, along with many of his other works . Koonings paintings are cleary abstract, showing his conscious and unconscious feelings about women (Gilbert 483). Abstract Expressionists sought to express their subconscious through their art. http//www.artchive.com/artchive/ftptoc/de_kooning_ext.htmlNonrepresentational art has no reference to the natural world of images (Gilbert 31). The art work shows no presence of people, places, or things, but shapes and sometimes colors. This type of art goes beyond the known forms and reaches our human emotions and senses directly (Gilbert 31). They are expressions of the artists who do them (Gilbert 31) Nonrepresentational art, also known as nonobjective art, does not stem from anything real (Johnson).

Television is Mindless Entertainment :: essays research papers

Televisions are probably one of the worlds greatest inventions. night club out o f ten citizenry wont know how to explain how it actually works, entirely everyone who can afford one owns one. in that respect is a lot of debate about whether TVs are good or bad.A television is a device you can sit in apparent movement of and watch other people do things that you could be doing if you werent sitting there watching them do it. - UnknownYes, TVs provide mass education to people, for example, in Australia, people get their schooling via TVs if they live in remote areas. Everyday the teacher does lessons across the TV, and if the pupils have any questions they phone in and ask on air.In South Africa we have School TV, but it isnt a proper schooling, like Aussies. Sabc also offer the Math, English and Science lessons for matrics, but they are so boring that most people dont even bother watching it.There are good shows like Dr. Phil and Oprah, where they actually are helping other peop le and teaching them right from wrong. Shows like these are interesting to watch and they are teaching us morals remote everything else.Channels such as National Geographic and Discovery Channel also provide education, whether you learn about Hitler or whales, you learn something at least. hardly these channels are only offered on DSTV which is very expensive and the people that can afford it are the well-educated ones who dont need it, the people that really need it cant access it anyway.Another good thing about TV is the News, with the news on everyday, in haemorrhoid of languages, everyone can keep up to date with everything that is happening around the globe without having to go to the trouble of actually reading it in a newspaper.As everything has its pros, it must have its cons.One of the main topics that people speak about is the fact that the programs are promoting immorality and it is eroding true Christian values.In every soapie and scads of other shows, there are the people that are having affairs, pre-marital sex, taking alcohol, drugs, using bad languagethe list goes on, but people think its quaint and cool and do it all themselves. People believe what they see, and think its alright if they are also doing it because it makes them cool.In one incident on Dr Phil, there was a woman who was married to a great guy and they had three children, but she wanted to get divorced so that she could move in with a gay friend of hers, he didnt love her and obviously never would, but she kept insisting, so finally he went to Dr Phil for help.

Cassio, the Lieutenant, in Othello Essay -- Othello essays

Cassio, the Lieutenant, in Othello Michael Cassio, the lieutenant who supposedly stole away Iagos begrudge promotion in Shakespeares Othello, is a strange sort of character. He shows great appreciation of other people he is radiant with truth and delight in and yet he patronizes a prostitute, Bianca. This essay will delve into the character of Cassio. Blanche Coles in Shakespeares Four Giants comments on the character of Cassio In a passing(a) reading of Othello, it may seem that the character of Cassio is not sufficiently well drawn, because, for reasons connected with his portrayal of Iago, Shakespeare delays the full characterization of Cassio until almost the end of the play. However, we have a number of brief revelations of his personality that mark him distinctly in his genuine anxiety for Othellos safety, in his abstaining from taking part in the bold and indicative comments of Iago to the two women as they wait for Othellos ship and, a little later, in his sincere re gret about the loss of his reputation after he has partaken of the wine which Iago has forced upon him. (85-86) Cassio makes his first appearance in the play in Act 1 Scene 2, when he is conducting the official business of the duke of Venice, namely the pass on of the haste-post-haste appearance / Even on the instant of the general because of the Ottoman threat on Cyprus. Brabantios mob briefly delays matters, and then Cassio disappears from the stage until Act 2. He disembarks in Cyprus and graciously announces Thanks, you the valiant of this warlike isle, / That so approve the Moor After chatting with Montano and other gentlemen of the isle, he welcomes Desdemona, our great captains captain, ashore The ric... ...s dust produces a letter which imports the death of Cassio to be undertook / By Roderigo another emotional revelation for Michael Cassio. Finally, the ultimate emotional blow to the ex-officer comes when Othello stabs himself and dies This did I fear, but thought he h ad no weapon / For he was great of heart. As lord governor of the island of Cyprus now, Michael Cassio has charge of the censure of this hellish villain, / The time, the place, the torture. Lodovico appeals to Cassio to let his justice, not his mercy prevail O, utilise it WORKS CITED Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http//www.eiu.edu/multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos. Coles, Blanche. Shakespeares Four Giants. Rindge, New Hampshire Richard Smith Publisher, 1957.

Telecommunications Act of 1996 Essay examples -- essays research paper

The Telecommunications Act of 1996The Telecommunications Act of 1996 can be termed as a major overhaul of the communications legality in the past sixty-two years. The main aim of this Act is to enable any communications firm to enter the market and compete against one another based on blank and just practices (The Telecommunications Act 1996, The Federal Communications bang). This Act has the potential to radic every last(predicate)y change the lives of the people in a number of different ways. For instance it has alter the telephone services both local and long distance, cable programming and other video services, broadcast services and services provided to schools. The Federal Communications Commission has actively endorsed this Act and has worked towards the enforcement and implementation of the various clauses listed in the document. The Act was staple fibreally brought into existence in order to promote competition and reduce regulation so that lower prices and higher qua lity services for the Americans consumers may be secured. Of particular importance is the deregulation of the telecommunications assiduity as mentioned in the act (Implementation of the Telecommunications Act, NTLA). This reflects a new thinking that service providers should not be limited by artificial and now antique regulatory categories but should be permitted to compete with for each one other in a robust marketplace that contains many diverse participants. Moreover the Act is evidence of governmental commitment to make sure that all citizens have access to mod communication services at affordable prices through its universal service provisions even as competitive markets for the telecommunications industry expand. Prior to passage of this new Act, U.S. federal and deposit laws and a judicially established consent decree allowed some competition for certain services, most notably among long distance carriers. Universal service for basic telephony was a national objective, b ut one developed and shaped through federal and state regulations and case law (Telecommunications Act of 1996, Technology Law). The goal of universal service was referred to only in general terms in the Communications Act of 1934, the nations basic telecommunications statute. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 among other things (i) opens up competition by local telephone companies, long distance providers, and cable companies ... ...ns especially when it came to deregulating the telecommunications industry. The new law was expect to bring radical changes to the communications industry, providing high quality services to the masses at minimal cost. The act was also designed with the specific purpose of ensuring that advanced telecommunications will be available to every citizen as part of the policy for universal service. The FCC and the states, as the regulatory bodies, implement the law. Its been over three years since the law was passed and most critics have claimed that nothin g worthwhile came out of the act besides the mergers of course. Ultimately however, the services brought to the public will depend on the providers of those services and their supremacy in the marketplace. Bibliography1.The Telecommunications Act of 1996. Available online at http//www.fcc.gov/telecom.html2.Implementation of the Telecommunications Act. Available online at http//www.ntia.doc.gov/opadhome/opad_act.htm3.The Telecommunications Act of 1996. Available online at http//www.technologylaw.com/act.html

Telecommunications Act of 1996 Essay examples -- essays research paper

The Telecommunications Act of 1996The Telecommunications Act of 1996 can be termed as a major egest of the communications law in the past sixty-two years. The main aim of this Act is to enable any communications firm to enter the market and fight against unmatched another based on fair and just pr answerices (The Telecommunications Act 1996, The Federal Communications Commission). This Act has the potential to radically change the lives of the people in a number of different ways. For instance it has affected the telephone utilitys both local and long distance, course programming and other video services, distribute services and services provided to schools. The Federal Communications Commission has actively endorsed this Act and has worked towards the enforcement and implementation of the various clauses listed in the document. The Act was basically brought into existence in value to promote competition and reduce regulation so that lower prices and higher quality services f or the Americans consumers may be secured. Of particular importance is the deregulation of the telecommunications intentness as mentioned in the act (Implementation of the Telecommunications Act, NTLA). This reflects a new thinking that service providers should not be limited by artificial and now old-hat(p) restrictive categories but should be permitted to compete with each other in a robust marketplace that contains many diverse participants. Moreover the Act is tell apart of governmental commitment to make sure that all citizens have access to advanced communication services at affordable prices through its universal service provisions even as competitive markets for the telecommunications industry expand. Prior to passage of this new Act, U.S. federal and state laws and a judicially established consent principle allowed some competition for certain services, most notably among long distance carriers. Universal service for basic telephony was a national objective, but one de veloped and shaped through federal and state regulations and case law (Telecommunications Act of 1996, Technology Law). The goal of universal service was referred to only in oecumenic terms in the Communications Act of 1934, the nations basic telecommunications statute. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 among other things (i) opens up competition by local telephone companies, long distance providers, and cable companies ... ...ns especially when it came to deregulating the telecommunications industry. The new law was expected to bring radical changes to the communications industry, providing high quality services to the masses at minimal cost. The act was also designed with the specific purpose of ensuring that advanced telecommunications will be available to every citizen as part of the policy for universal service. The FCC and the states, as the regulatory bodies, implement the law. Its been over three years since the law was passed and most critics have claimed that nothing wo rthwhile came out of the act besides the mergers of course. Ultimately however, the services brought to the existence will depend on the providers of those services and their success in the marketplace. Bibliography1.The Telecommunications Act of 1996. Available online at http//www.fcc.gov/telecom.html2.Implementation of the Telecommunications Act. Available online at http//www.ntia.doc.gov/opadhome/opad_act.htm3.The Telecommunications Act of 1996. Available online at http//www.technologylaw.com/act.html

Models of Communication Essay

Communication Model A amaze is an abstracted model of reality. A good model comes as close to reality as possible and discusses and explains the reality. But being an abstraction, a model is not a reality it is only a pattern of reality. For e.g an architectural model is only a model of the house giving a fair idea of the number of rooms, layout etc but it is not the house per say. Defination communication model is a pictorial representation to show the structure of communication process in which various components/ elements are linked. They are based on assumptions that theorists make as to how communication functions and what effect it has upon individuals and society.a a variety of models exist, all of which strive to explain the different components of communication and the role each part plays in the total process.Advantages of models* They set aside us to ask questions* They clarify complexity by reducing the process to simple, more familiar terms.* They lead us to new disco veries by positioning alleged(a) ideas and relationships.Limitations* Can lead to over-simplification.* Can lead to confusion between models and the actual behavior it potrays.* Models can be confused with reality.By looking at the models we fancy to* Represent the main lines of thought above the process of mass communication.* It provides us with historical review of the progress in human understanding of how communication works.Functions of models* Providing images of the totally that one may not other be able to see. * Helps in understanding information in a simplified way which would be otherwise complicated and ambiguous. Evaluation of communication models* How general is the model? How much material does it organize? * How fruitful is the model? How helpful is it in discovering relations, facts or materials? * How accurate and pilot film is the model?* How important is it to the field of enquiry?History* Models started with a simple source- message-channel-receiver proces s but were rapidly modified during the 50s. * The 1950s was a generative period critical aspects to the communication process were added to develop a more comprehensive picture. * During the decades of the 60s and 70s the interest in pertinent model building had shifted towards search on specific aspects of the model rather than the process. * Also increasing complexity of understanding of the process made diagrammatic representation difficult.Aristotles model of communicationWriting 300 years before the birth of Christ, Aristotle provided an explanation of oral communication that is still worthy of attention. Based on five basic elements, his model is focused more on public speaking rather that interpersonal communication.

Christmas The Very Word Brings Joy Essay

Variety is the spice of life. Life without feasts and celebrations is charm less and lifeless. So is true in grapheme of school life. Without functions and celebrations school life becomes monotonous and uninteresting. Therefore, al closely all the schools have certain annual functions such as, Annual Sport Where excellence is a raimentSo lets enjoy the stage breaking performance.School fete is one event students eagerly wait..A very good Morning & Merry Christmas and take to one and all present here to join this eve, for join us. Kids, ladies and gentleman. We are feeling nice to meet you and see you on this holy occasion. We hope and command that you will also feel nice in this musical and joyful atmosphere. So you are most welcome again. Enjoy all the joyful moments and novel and soft music to make the moments unforgettable. Band is going to start this cheerful evening with holy and religious music. This occasion is very special to all of us so first some blessing prayers.Aft er that for your guest of honor, for your welcome the band will present some cultural folk songs and dances. I am sure you all will completely lost in the heaven of musical feel and colour yourself in the colour of this incredible Christmas eve. To make this daylight memorable, joyful and cheerful a musical atmosphere created here. games stalls, many stalls of eatables n different kinds of rides have been arranged 2 mk dis day d most special one for uTo make you energetic there are arrangements of snacks and soft drinksEND -At the end I would like 2 convey all the guests for making every single moment of dis fete d unforgettable and memorable one wid ur presence.. We hope you all enjoyed this beautiful day. Thanks for association us and once again merry Christmas and happy New Year to one and all. May Jesus makes all your wishes come true thank you everyone convey a lotChristmas is my favorite time of year. As a child, I loved the lights, the Christmas tree, the presents As an adult, I still love the lights, themusic and the decorationsThe sky was stud with a few fluffy clouds that looked like candy floss.All praise be to God for such a celestial and symphonious evening. An evening abounding of allure and amazement.

Employee Involvement Case Essay

For the plate 1 the sugar substitute research finis, I will choose spicy involvement, which is let the subordinates to discuss the problems and identify a solution. So the entire conclusion-making process is handed over to employees, identify the problems, choose the best alternative and implement their choice. For the second case coast guard stonecutter decision problem, I will choose the woeful involvement, which is ask one or to a greater extent subordinates foe information relating to the problem, but you dont ask for their recommendations and might not mention the problem to them. So they dont be recommendations and only participation involves is asking employees for information.Discussion Question 2The first factor conduct me to choose high involvement is the decision structure this problem is not programmed decision but a little insect bite complexity and more opportunity. This product need to take some source away from other projects in order to selectd some time an d resources sooner it would be commercially stage. Second, source of decision knowledge could show that the leader lack sufficient knowledge and subordinates have addition information to improve decision quality. I dont know much about demand is expected and the sugar substitute project beyond my technical expertise. However, the R&D lab researchers argon familiar with that field of chemistry. Third, the decision commitment is trended to improve if high level of involvement to her decision. If the employees are unlikely to accept a decision made without their involvement, some level of involvement should be used. For this case, the company R&D budget is limited and other scientist in my group has recently complained that they require more resources and financial support to get their projects completed. So the employees complaints make me chose high involvement.Also, the employees committed make me believe that they have promise to ensure the companys interest are achieved so that I should give them more involvement to ensure the project could be finished without battle. For the second case, the first factor led me to choose wretched involvement is that this is likely programmd decisions which are followstandard operating procedures and they have been resolved in past. So there is little postulate for high involvement that whitethorn waste of time under this necessary and risk situation. Second, the leader has much knowledge to solve this problem which may pass away in the past, and as the captain, I totally understand the mission and the goal for the mission. So that may need less recommendation from other employees who lack of experiences and abilities.However, the low involvement not no involvement, so I received an update weather advisory concerning the severity and duration of the storm, which is important to making decision. Moreover, the decision essential be made shortly by facing a lot of risks. So if take long time to make high involvement may lead to unnecessary dangers. Third, the factor of risk of conflict is depend on the situation between the employee goals and norms conflict with the organizations goals, and this would be take low involvement. Also, if there is low conflict that the employees will reach agreement on the preferred solution, then take low involvement. For this case, my crew members are extremely careful about their responsibility, so I dont need to take additional time to take high involvement under this low conflict with the preferred solutions.Discussion Question 3To the first case, if take low involvement may take longer time to solve this problem delinquent to the fact that the leader has less knowledge about this technology of projects. Less involvement will not help to improve the number and quality of solutions generated. This case is complex so that need to prepare several alternatives with more available information which the employees who has more knowledge are good to support. Also, with the diverse perspectives and boarder original of value may help to improve the likelihood of choosing the best alter nativities. Besides, these projects are group work in this organization, providing more involvement is good to make staff fell personally responsible for its success. However, the low involvement may lead to lower turnover, motivation and satisfaction.Moreover, if the leader uses low involvement, there is many more compliant and most likely to resist changes resulting from the decision by leader alone. To the second case, the higher involvement was taken, the higher risk could occur during the decision making. The source is that the research hasbeen doing for 20 hours and the weather are more likely to affect the lives in the vessel. So taking time longer to do involvement are defiantly dangers. Also, the captain must be the one who has valuable experiences and ability to make the most perfect decision. So taking long time to doing high involvement could make the wh ole team lost of control.After all, everybody has different attitude and value that may have conflicts with the mission and the whole organization when they stage the risk situation. Furthermore, too low involvement or no involvement may also make wrong decision, so the necessary information from weather advisory concerning are useful for helping the captain decrease the mistake when making the decision in the short time.

Corporate Responsibility and Marketing Strategies Essay

There is no question that apple is a remarkable company. In addition to its subscriber line turnaround, its advanced(a) design, and its media content and apps, the unadulterated sexiness of all its harvests makes orchard apple tree hard to resist. For me, what isnt hard to resist, is asking How can a company that is this extraordinary in other respects be missing in action on corporate social responsibility? apples Supplier function field reveals that the company is taking action to stop unethical practices among its suppliers. These have included use of underage grind at 10 facilities, dangerous working conditions at two facilities, falsification of audit materials at four facilities, and bribery at one facility (Forbes, 2014). apples Current Position on Ethics and fond ResponsibilityRecently, apple released a list of suppliers that accounts for 97% of the companys supply chain expenses. The company also became the first technology enterprise to join the sightly Labor Ass ociation, which works to improve labor conditions and boasts such members as Nike, Adidas, and H&M. The increased transparency is welcome after a spate of bad squelch regarding overseas supplier Foxconn and others raised doubt about Apples commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR). Apples public prototype has the rosy glow of a crisp Gala. A national survey conducted by the New York Times in November 2011 found that 56% of respondents couldnt conceptualise of anything negative about the company, while 14% cited expense as the worst thing about Apple. A mere 2% noted overseas labor practices, but that may be changing with recent stories about appalling labor practices in some ofApples suppliers in China choose up pace after the report.The new year ushered in a provocative radio report titled Mr. Daisey and theApple Factory from This American Life, exposit awful living and working conditions for people at Apple. Suppliers like Foxconn note that This American Life has si nce retracted parts of the story, claiming that Mike Daisey embellished portions of his tale, although the radio show acknowledges that the boilers suit problematic conditions at various Chinese manufacturing plants are well documented elsewhere. Soon after, the New York Times followed with an article titled In China, Human be Are Built Into an iPad, highlighting similar depressing working conditions at iPad and iPhone factories. The near e-mailed article of the day, it detailed deaths from explosions caused by aluminum dust, n-hexane poisoning caused by riddle cleaner, suicide attempts, underage workers, and workweeks of more than 60 hours.Finally, reports came in about a potential mass suicide by 150 Foxconn workers, who threatened to jump from the mill roof. While the crisis was averted, it followed 18 deaths from falling at the plant in 2010 Examine Apples Core Will CSR stay? (2012). Business & the Environment, 23(3), 7-8. Apple has had many CSR challenges over the years h owever, Apple has worked to strengthen its programs to help suppliers protect student interns and other at-risk workers. Apple continues to ensure efforts to end unneededive work hours. In 2013, Apples suppliers achieved an just of 97 percent compliance with maximum 60-hour workweek. Apple is driving responsible sourcing of minerals, and has publicly released a list of smelters and refiners to its supply chain to promote transparency. In June 2013, Apples work hour compliance was 100% the current June 2014 compliance is down slightly to 95%.Apple states that if companies want to do business with Apple, they must(prenominal) uphold the highest commitment to human rights. Apple also states it is looking to eradicate unethical hiring and exploration of workers even when local law suites permit such efforts. Apple is continuing efforts to end excessive work hours and driving sourcing of tin tantalum, tungsten and goldApples 2014 report shows Apple has met its social responsibilities. Apple conducted 33 specialized audits at facilities employing migrant workers who may be at risk for unfair treatment. Apple required suppliers to reimburse US$3.9 million in excess foreign contract worker fees, it was confirmed, inJanuary, 2014 that all active third-party auditors verified identified tantalum smelters in Apples supply chain as conflict-free (Forbs, 2014). Apples position on climate change is also a work in progress. Apple is working to improve its position in the world on climate change. Apple says it wants to leave the world better than they found it. Apple strives to create products that are the best they can be in all way. Products that is beautiful, easy to use and powerful. Apples passion for innovation goes into to how Apple thinks about its social responsibility of being environmentally responsible.Apple works tireless on reducing its impact on climate change by finding ways to use greener materials, and conserve the resources we all need to thrive. The Im pact of Publications of Ethics and Social Responsibility on Apples Reputation Apples reputation was challenged by the impact of the publications of ethics and social responsibility violations made by suppliers. Like every company, Apple faces five types of external pressures that influence its strategies and operational policies customer loyalty industry best practices expectations of major shareholders and the investment community civil society organizations or NGOs and, increased government pressure and regulatory oversight.Despite extensive media publications on the impact of the ethics and social responsibilities violations made by Apples suppliers, Apples reputation has not suffered. There has not been any loss in demand for its products or revenues, which continues to grow unabated. Apple also enjoys broad customer loyalty in China even though customers there have a better knowledge of these working conditions. This is not surprising. Product boycotts are normally very short- lived, except those for products that pose a threat to consumers health and safety, such as contaminated food products. Public pressures and media coverage also decline when the getting even ceases to be a news event and other more newsworthy items catch media attention. It is highly doubtful that it will be any different this metre Two Faces of Apple PRAKASH SETHI APRIL 2012.In sum, Apples business model is no different than its competitors. Yet as an industry leader, it surely has the ability, and I treat the obligation, to set standards of conduct that enrich the commons at the same time as itenriches the companys investors. Methods Apple Can Utilize To Ensure return And Benefits Standards Going forward, Apple can make sure that its suppliers adhere to wage and benefits standards by giving employees a voice and direct connections to its corporate CEO with surveys and universal meetings either virtual or face to face for comments regarding treatment and fair wages. A taskfo rce can be established to mentor workers, keep in run into and understand what is needed. There are often problems of communication and the taskforce could improve this gap between Apple and its employees, thus creating satisfied workers and less scrutiny and unwanted media publications for Apple.Apples Customers and Increased CostApples customer propitiation is stellar in light of all of the negative media publications. In addition, Apples customer base is loyal. Pundits often refer to them as zealots or fanboys. The more polite references include Mac loyalists. I am, of course, talking about Apples (AAPL) more vocal customers, those who will defend the company and its products in any debate going on around them. The Secret Behind Apples patriotic Customer Base Apr. 11, 2007 932 AM ET About Apple Inc. (AAPL) By Carl Howe Notably, I believe Apples customers will assume an increased price to own one of Apples products and stand in overwhelmingly long lines to purchase them. Apple s customers would be willing to pay more to keep the most innovative product in the industry if there was a price increase due to Apple needing to pay higher wages to employees to produce an Apple product.What is it that drives their passion for most things Apple? Is it a deluded mind warped by the Reality Distortion Field that Steve Jobs so successfully wraps every new product in? In short, the answer is no. The truth behind the scenes is not that Apple has a large classify of customers that are too dedicated and fiery about their products, or the company as a whole. The reality is far more simple and obvious Apple simply has a large group of very satisfied customers and thats the secret ingredient, left out of nearly every analysis or op-ed piece that mentions these zealots.The obvious side to Apples customer satisfaction lies in their attention to detail in every facet of product development. All their products are designed, at every stage, with the customer understandably in mind and each product is tailoredto make it as easy to use as possible for the customer, regardless of how technically savvy or not they may be. The less obvious side involves two keywords freedom and choice. Customers do not really want freedom of choice they want satisfaction in the product they purchase this is what keeps customers satisfied and loyal.Apples Current Overall Marketing strategyApples current overall market strategy is slender for developing a very distinct strategy through industry leading innovation. This strategy has allowed them to be the frontrunners in new product introductions and the improvement of live products. Apple has employed a differentiation strategy in an attempt to meet the needs of a global market by offering customers innovative new products and improved existing products. An important part of their strategy involves meeting the needs of the evolving digital electronics and reckoner markets. Apple has chosen to implement its strategy by desig ning and developing its own operating systems and software technologies. This has allowed them to be very flexible in developing new products as they have complete learn over the software and hardware.Apples strategy is still evolving in an effort to keep up with evolving technology. Initially, Apple sole focus was on the computer industry as they were introducing innovative products. Apple continues to introduce innovative products in the computer industry, but recently has focused a great deal of strategic attention and resources on entering into the digital electronics and computer markets. This, along with the successful entry into the personal media player industry, marks a clear evolution in Apples strategy. Also, Apples entry into the tablet computer industry with its iPad and the mobile phone industry with its iPhone are evidence of a just evolving strategy. (2012, 02)What Are the Chief Elements of Apples Overall Competitive Strategy? Study Mode.com. Retrieve 02, 2012Refer encesExamine Apples Core Will CSR Prevail? (2012). Business & the Environment, 23(3), 7-8.Forbs (2014)Lisa Jackson Vice President of Environmental Initiatives www.insidebusiness360.com Management Management EthicsTwo Faces of Apple PRAKASH SETHI APRIL, 2012The Secret Behind Apples Loyal Customer Base Apr. 11, 2007 932 AM ET About Apple Inc. (AAPL) By Carl Howe(2012, 02)What Are the Chief Elements of Apples Overall Competitive Strategy? Study Mode.com. Retrieve 02, 2012 from htt1//www.studymode.com/essays/What-Are-The-Chief-Elements-Of-928263.html.

Fast food vs homemade food Essay

Home do pabulum is better than fast fodder because its healthy, cheaper, and you defy whats in your food. Food is the most important thing that keeps us alive so we have to choose wisely on what we eat. But most people choose to eat meals that are giving to you in less than five minutes than a meal that takes thirty or more minutes. flying food and standmade food also have their similarities because you could choose what you want to eat and when you want it.Fast food attracts people because its ready to go anytime of the mean solar day and many people breakt have that time to actu anyy make a meal. Many people rely on fast food because its convenient to them and you could find a fast food place at almost any corner in a town. Everyone is busy youre a college student, you work a lot, or your kids are keeping you busy so you are always in a rush so you mountt have the time to make a actual meal but that doesnt mean your eating habits have to be a rush.When youre making food at home you have control of the ingredients going in and whats not going in. When eating fast food you dont know if its health because you dont know what is being put in the food youre eating. For example, you could go to McDonalds and get a hamburger from the dollar menu or make your own at home, they both look the same and are probably going to be the same coat but the differences between them are the calories in the hamburger and the tastes. By making your own you know what kind of percent of fat is in the meat.Almost all fast food restaurants look for deals so they would buy meat that has more percent of fat because its cheaper than meat that has less percent of fat. People keep feeding their kids fast food but what they dont think about is it could lead their children to obesity in the future. By feeding them home made food you will have more control of their weight and they will have more energy throughout the day.Cooking at home dose take time out of your day but you also save much more money than eating out because when you cook at home you could cook one meal and that meal could last you all day or you could save the food for the next day. For example you could buy a five pound bag of chicken breast and use it for different types of meals for the week. Also, cooking at home could bring you family together and make the preparation go by faster. Both fast food and homemade food have differences and similarities. Fast food is more convenient and takes less time were as homemade food is healthier and saves you money.

Introduction to communication in health, social care or children’s and young people’s setting Essay

It is important when communicating with people to observe their reactions, this is important for many reasons as it dope give us some insight and interpretation to whether a person has understood us or not, if we have given any direction or are trying to pass on information. By looking at a persons reactions we get an idea in like manner to how what we are saying is being received. For example if we say something to a fellow or provoke we can tell by a persons reaction if what we have said has do or is making them happy, sad, confused, angry, outraged, brainsick or excited.If the persons face starts to change to look cross or frown then there is a chance you may offended, upset or made them angry, whereas if a person is smiling, laughing, joking or bright eyed they may be happy or excited. If we can learn to notice and judge these reactions we can adapt and adjust our communication by our tone or spoken voice communication we are using accordingly.It is not only important so you can checker whether what u have tried to convey has been understood. Reactions and body language are a persons unspoken words or feelings and can at times be up to 30% of communication. If there was someone in my setting whose reactions and or body language become or was different to that of their average behaviour or that of expected normal behaviour and I was concerned it would be dowery of my job role to pick up on this and also to communicate this to my appropriate senior within the setting.In our settings there may be many barriers a person might face in ground of communicating with one another. A common barrier is language. Others might include a learning difficulty, audience impairment, emotional state of a person, intellect of a person, noise a sight and/or speech impairment. The list is endless some barriers are social barriers, some emotional, some environmental. Not only is it part of our role to recognise these barriers it is also our responsibility to try to r educe overcome and eliminate them when trying to communicate effectively.An example of this would be if I had a child, parent or colleague in my setting who had a problem speaking or understanding English I may use body language and facial expressions as a form of communicating and conveying a thought or feeling. Another way I could overcome a language barrier might be to make use of one of the services the setting provides like a translator or interpreter. All of these methods are acceptable and effective ways of overcoming language barriers.Another example of a barrier to communicating would be if I was trying to have a confidential blither with a parent and my environment was crowded and noisy, the noise would be a barrier as it might prohibit us from fully hearing one another and if it is crowded we may not be able to talk confidentially without others hearing or listening so to eliminate the barriers it would be necessary to go somewhere private and less noisy. Confidentiali ty means information that is privileged private not to be shared or exposed to or by anyone. This could be something that is said, a letter, a document a piece of information that is confidential. In our setting it is essential anyone disclosing and sharing information with us realise that we will not share this information unless it is for the well being and safeguarding of the child. In our setting we are constantly being given confidential information whether it be medical need dietary needs educational requirements of or child protection issues.Generally we do not share confidential information with everyone but it is so important that the appropriate people and or organisations are informed and aware. If a child had special dietary requirements we would need to share this information with the provide who supervise the meal/snack times and also the staff in the kitchen. Another time you might share information would be if you had concerns about a childs protection and wellbein g outside of the setting. In these circumstance it is our role to sensitively disclose any concerns, information or observations on that young person to our get out manager supervisor or someone in a higher chain of command at the setting to us.

Physics in Everyday Life Essay

1) When we walk or run, our motion is part of laws of mechanics and thrmodynamics.2) We eat food which undergoes chemical reactions producing heat energy which is born-again into mechanical energy3) Use of refrigerator, pressure cookers, washing machines, television, music system, computers, etc. are all designed on the principles of physics.4) When we speak, we produce sound properties of which like budge and intensity are studied in physics5) Electricity that we use in household is a gift of physics6) Automobiles design is based on physicsThe list is endless.Vlad T answered 6 years agoVery vague question but practically everything we do in our daily lives involves any(prenominal) degree of physics. Putting on toast, boiling a kettle heat energy, electricity Cycling a bike mechanical movementsUsing the brakes encounterUsing a door handle Levers and SpringsThrowing a ball weights, gravity, trajectory, air resistance1)We walk, walk fast, run, jog, jump into a bus etc. All the se or any type of motion is associated with Newtons law of motion.2) When we talk, our vocal cords vibrate producing sound.3) When we eat food, the chemical energy of the food is being converted into mechanical energy which we use to do different types of work.4). The electricity is our house is a gift of Physics. Hydroelectric project is the method in which water is employ to generate electricity. The mechanical energy of the water is converted into electrical energy using dynamo.

Consumer Buying Behaviour on Soft Drinks Essay

What influences consumers to leveraging returns or servings? The consumer purchasing adjoin is a complex matter as m whatever internal and external factors check an impact on the leverage finiss of the consumer. When purchasing a product there several processes, which consumers go through. These depart be discussed be low-t cardinald. 1. Problem/ fatality Recognition How do you fix you want to buy a particular product or serv frosting? It could be that your DVD player stops working and you now energize to formula for a modernistic cardinal, all(a) those DVD films you purchased you tail end no longer play So you have a problem or a new take in.For high value items the ilks of a DVD player or a car or some other low relative frequency purchased products this is the process we would take. make up so, for impulse low frequency purchases e. g. confectionery the process is different. 2. Information search So we have a problem, our DVD player no longer works and we nee d to buy a new one. Whats the solution? Yes go expose and purchase a new one, but which brand? Shall we buy the same brand as the one that blew up? Or stay clear of that? Consumer often go on roughly form of reading search to help them through their purchase conclusiveness.Sources of schooling could be family, friends, neighbours who may have the product you have in mind, alternatively you may ask the sales pack, or dealers, or read specialist magazines homogeneous What DVD? to help with their purchase decision. You may even in reality examine the product before you decide to purchase it. 3. Evaluation of different purchase options So what DVD player do we purchase? Shall it be Sony, Toshiba or Bush? Consumers allocomputed tomographye attribute factors to certain products, almost like a smirch leveling system which they work out in their mind over which brand to purchase.This means that consumers know what features from the rivals result benefit them and they attach diffe rent degrees of importance to each attribute. For example sound maybe better on the Sony product and picture on the Toshiba , but picture clarity is oft important to you then sound. Consumers ordinarily have some sort of brand preference with companies as they may have had a proficient bill with a particular brand or their friends may have had a reliable history with one, but if the decision falls between the Sony DVD or Toshiba then which one shall it be?It could be that the a review the consumer reads on the particular Toshiba product may have tipped the balance and that they lead purchase that brand. 4. Purchase decision Through the evaluation process discussed above consumers will reach their final exam purchase decision and they reach the final process of going through the purchase action e. g. The process of going to the shop to buy the product, which for some consumers can be as just as proceeds as actually purchasing the product. Purchase of the product can either b e through the store, the web, or over the phone. 5. Post Purchase Behaviour.Ever have doubts slightly the product aft(prenominal) you purchased it? This simply is positioning purchase behaviour and research shows that it is a common trait amongst purchasers of products. Manufacturers of products clearly want recent consumers to ascertain proud of their purchase, it is therefore just as important for manufacturers to advertise for the sake of their recent purchaser so consumers receive comfortable that they own a product from a strong and reputable organisation. This limits post purchase behaviour. i. e. You feel reassured that you own the latest advertised product. OBJECTIVES.* To understand the major factors influencing consumer purchasing demeanour. * To know and realise the types of get decision mien. * To understand the stages In the acquire decision process. NEED OF THE STUDY * To understand why consumer make the purchases that they make SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS Scope of the call for The scope of the study is to get the first debate knowledge close the buying behavior of consumers towards different brands of Soft confounds in VVISM students. The scope is restricted to study the factors appropriateing the preference of consumers while choosing a wanton beverage in VVISM college students.This is through to avoid perceptual bias and for providing objectivity to the study. Limitations of the study Sincere efforts have been made to collect authentic and reliable information from respondents, however the report is subject to following limitations * slightly respondents were reluctant to give the information, so their responses may be biased. * Time could be a major limitation as it may have affected the inferences worn-out in the study. Only 20 respondents have been contacted due to time constraint. * taste may non be the true representative of the universe.* Study was conducted in VVISM, Hyderabad only. So the results of the study may not b e applicable in other argonas. CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE REVIEW OF LITERATURE SUMMARY OF 10 ARTICLES 1. Consumer buying behavior and mart segmentation(By Rabbitat) According to the marketing guru Phillip Kotler, a human need is defined as a state of felt deprivation. A human want on the other legislate is a need occasiond by the individuals culture and society. Understanding what consumers need and how these needs can be made into wants is what hard-hitting marketing is all closelyFor instance a customer need may be thirst, and any revel such as a bottle of water could satisfy this need. However at the point of purchase impelling marketing determines what the customer will want to purchase in order to eradicate their thirst. For example a good ad for coke could steer the customer onward from the bottled water pctage and towards the fizzy drink ins. On the other hand an effective ad for ice lollies, an in contain competitor, could steer the consumer away from the fiz zy drinks. Therefore the more(prenominal) effective the marketing, the easier it will be to get the cash out of the customers handIt is then obvious that Marketing is all about understanding consumer needs and steering the customer toward Your product by creating certain wants in the minds of the customer. To do this marketers should be aw ar of the consumer buying behavior process purchaser recognition the consumer has to realize there is a problem or need that needs to be fulfill. The effective marketer will identify there is a conflict between the actual state of the consumer and the want state, and try to fulfill this state of deprivation. Information search in this stage the vendee considers all the alternatives present.For instance, agree to the example above, the customer would look at all thirst quenchers such as fizzy drinks, bottled water, juices and ice lollies. The most information a customer gains about alternatives is through commercial sources, such as advertise ments and campaigns. However information about intangible products in the service industry would mostly come from personal bring forth or experience from others. Evaluation of alternatives this is where all the information is gathered and evaluated to help make the purchasing decision.These iii stages be important, for marketers to understand consumer behavior and what influences purchasing of a certain product category and brand. Purchase decision this is the stage where purchasing of the most preferred alternative takes place. However the product category, brand, re exchangeer, timing and quantity all play a role in the purchase decision. Post purchase decision good marketers restrain a good relationship with the customer even after the purchase has been made. This is to reduce any find out of cognitive randomness that the customer may experience with the product.To reduce the negative effects of customer cognitive dissonance, good after sales services could be provided alo ng with effective advertising. This will attract more customers via word of mouth and generate repeat purchases. 2. Break the Resistance of Consumer buying Behavior(By Darrell Zahorsky) Buyers today are a fickle group. Whos to blame them? Bombarded with an end little selection of products and services, qualification a good purchase decision isnt easy. What can your small business do when your potential buyers wont buy? 5 Stages of Consumer buy Behavior 1.Need Awareness The beginning point of most purchasing is your potential buyer recognition of a need in their life. This need can be established by encountering a problem or prompted by a companys marketing. 2. Information Search With the rise of the Internet, it has neer been easier for buyers to research their purchase. Make sure your small business is in the game by providing educational genuine on your website. 3. Check Options After an information search, the customer will evaluate all the for sale options. Options embroi l wanted features, pricing, and company credibility. 4.Purchase Decision This is the moment when the customer wants to buy. Deals are easily lost when you book conducting to the customer. Theres an old adage in sales, when the customer says, Ill take it, deem your mouth closedownd, and close the deal. 5. Post Buying Behavior An overlooked piece of consumer buying behavior is what occurs after the purchase. The buyer will look for reinforcement from media, friends, and other sources confirming they made the right decision. Cognitive dissonance or buyers remorse happens when the buyer begins to feel the purchase wasnt right for them. 3. wide-eyed Purchases arnt Always so Simple(By S.L. O Brien) Purchasing decisions include many factors that most consumers are not even aware of.Five steps are involved in nearly e rattling purchase made need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase Decision and finally post purchase behavior. even the simpler purchases can include any or all of these steps. Purchases are further influenced by such things as personal psychological and social issues. A good market researcher will study the aspect process undergone by consumer, equivalence it with their demographic info and subprogram the resulting information to market their products.Simple purchases arent always so simple 4. in a flashhere to hide buyer behavior in a committed world(By Paul Gibler) Window shopping isnt dead, it has simply moved into a different ratio. This is a dimension where your business has nowhere to hide or can be completely hidden given the force of the Internet. Your business, be it a manufacturer, supplier or seller needs to understand the changing nature of buyer behavior facilitated by the Internet. Whether buying through a virtual, real or multi-channel storefront, the options consumers use to learn about products, compare products, or shop footings have multiplied exponentially.The greater transparency creat ed by these tools has made it particular that you understand and incorporate them into your business and marketing plans. Before the old age of the Internet, buyer behavior often pore on word of mouth recommendations and feedback in-store questioning listening to, watching or reviewing ads or reading move reviews in vertical publications or from multi-line authorities like Consumers Report. Today, the options for information search and product comparisons have multiplied beyond consumers processing ability.While this creates an opportunity for high service marketers with high pip products it has also generated the need to understand how consumers are behaving in their product purchasing activities. Consumers are continuing to look for ways to stretch their dollar while getting the best quality product that satisfies their needs. This has led them into brick and trench mortar stores like Costco, Wal-Mart, Aldi and Trader Joes to buy their nutrition and staples but it has also l ed them online for more complex purchases. 5. Consumer Buying Behavior and Manipulation(By Lance Winslow).We all know there are ways that that businesses use to manipulate our buying behavior to get us to buy more. We know there are many techniques and other stimuli, which affect us and we know that they are often employed in businesses. Generally we accept this even we actually stop to think about it. We probably determine that it is inappropriate and somewhat unfair. Yet we all get into in the impulse shopping and it seems to make us feel good to buy things,as a reward for our labours,with the money we have made. Certain music in stores will assist in helping retailers sell more.Certain room temperature at retailers,book stores,cofeeshops will increase impulse buying,which are generally amongst the highest costd items and definitely the highest hit items. 6. The Importance of Changing Customer Buying Behavior(By Stephen Diorio) The broad-scale adoption of new technologies has e mpowered consumers in previously undreamed of ways. As a result, customer buying behavior is adapting to these new technological advances so rapidly that marketers some generation cannot keep pace. Web sales are growing faster than catalog and store sales. Most direct marketers are now at least experimenting with online transactions.In the last year, for example, Lands End experienced 300 percent growth in e-sales while paper catalog sales growth slowed to 10 percent and margins shrank. 7. Types of Buying Decision Behavior(By Raja Vikram) Buying decision differs from person to person. Depending upon the need of the person,the decision gets changed. Various types of buying behavior are Complex buying behaviour This situation involves the high level of involvement from consumers and the same with the difference among brands. Dissonance reducing behavior This involves high involvement of the buyer but a less signification difference among the brands.Habitual buying behavior pres ent,there will not be any kind from the customer. Here the purchase happens depending upon the brand familiarity. Variety examineing buying behavior Here the customer involvement is low but there will be significant difference among brands. 8. Characteristic Affecting Consumer Purchase Behavior(By Dhanan Sarwo utomo) commonwealth buy different products from different brand to satisfy their need. Consumer purchases are influenced strongly by cultural, social, personal and psychological characteristic . although marketers cannot control such factors , they must give attention to them.Marketers are always trying to taint cultural intermissions in order to discover new product that might be wanted. For example the shift toward informality has resulted more demand for casual clothing and simpler fashionable products. 9. Consumer shopping behaviorHow much do consumer save? (By Rachel Griffith) This paper documents the potential and actual savings that consumers realize from four part icular types of purchasing behavior purchasing on sale buying in bulk (at a lower per unit price) buying generic brands and choosing outlets. How much can and do households save through each of these behaviors?How do these patterns vary with consumer demographics? We use data collected by a marketing firm on all food purchases brought into the home office for a large, nationally representative sample of U. K. households in 2006. We are interested in how consumer choice affects the cadence of price changes. In particular, a standard price index based on a contumacious basket of goods will overstate the rise in the true cost of living because it does not right on consider sales and bulk purchasing. According to our measures, the extent of this bias might be of the same or even greater magnitude than the better-known substitution and outlet biases.10. Indian consumer will seek value(By Arvind Singhal) Some of the trends listed below may look contradictory but then, at this time, t he Indian consumer, especially the urban, middle income, and comparatively young segment (and this classification will probably cover about 200 million individuals) is presentation some seemingly contradictory buying behaviour. * Consumers will move beyond basic needs to discretionary spending. * They will seek value in products that serve basic needs such as food and grocery. * The definition of value will be different for different products.For instance, they will seek the lowest price for products that serve basic needs, whereas in others the determinants will range from aspiration to convenience to brand name. * There will be more visible consumption for products having bling value and consumers will continue to pay a subvention for them. * We will see rise in indulgence with more desire for enjoyment and experience. * Consumers will seek more instant gratification. * We will also see the culture of throughout-the-year consumption rather than festival- or occasion-led spendin gs in the past. * We will see increasing fear of being ordinary.Consumers would want to be extraordinary though withal within current social norms. * Consumers will get more conscious about their health and wellhead being. * They will begin getting concerned with the surrounding environmentincluding nature, society, politics and public policy CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SOURCE AND TYPE OF DATA COLLECTION 1 primeval Data Primary data is that data which is collected for the first time. It is original in nature in the shape of raw material. For the purpose of collection of primary data, a well structured questionnaire was framed which was filled by the respondents.The questionnaire comprises of close ended as well as open ended questions. In close ended questions dichotomous, ranking, checklist questions and multiple choice questions are used. 2 Secondary Data Secondary data is the data which is already collected by someone. They are secondary in nature and a re in shape of finished product. Secondary data was collected so as to have accurate results. Required data was collected from various books, magazines, journals and internet. SAMPLING DESIGN Sampling refers to selecting some of the elements in a population by which one can draw conclusions about the entire population.1 Universe Universe is the infinite tote up of elements which the researcher is targeting in his study. Since the study is restricted to VVISM students only the universe for the study consists of all the overstuffed drink consumers in VVISM . 2 Population Population is finite repress of elements which the researcher is going to target in particular area. All the docile drink consumer students in VVISM college form the population for the study. 3 Sampling unit Sampling Unit is the single unit of the population. A single individual who consume loopy drink form the sampling unit of the study.4 Extent Extent refers to the geographical area where there is a scope of p opulation. The extent of the study is VVISM,Hyderabad. 5 Sampling Technique The selection of the respondents was done on the behind of convenience technique based on the non probability method of sampling. 6 Sample size Sample size is the size of sample drawn from the population which is the true representative of the research. The number of respondents included in the study was 50 for convenience in evaluating and analyzing the data and because of time constraint.RESEARCH INSTRUMENT Questionnaire This instrument is more popular. The questionnaire is sent to the person concerned to answer the questions formatted and return the same soon. A questionnaire consist of a number of questions printed and typed in definite order on a form or set of forms. The questionnaire is sent to the respondents. In order to achieve the research objectives it is necessary to collect accurate and relevant data,secondary data are already published data collected for purposed other than specific research needs at hand.Primary data that are collected specifically for the research situation at hand,were collected by surveys using respondents surveys is one of the ways of collecting primary data namely observations,experiments and surveys. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS DETAILS QUESTIONNAIRE Q 1. Do you like to have easygoing drinks? a. Yes b. No Yes No 42 8 Q 2. Do you think that soft drinks that are available in the market are wounding for your health ? a. Yes b. No Yes No 29 21 Q 3. Do you think that soft drinks are good for refreshment? a. Yes b. No Yes No 37 13 Q 4. Which is your favourite flavour? a. Cola b.Orange c. mango d. bum e. Others Cola Orange Mango Lemon Others 26 10 10 4 0 Q 5. Are you live up to with the price of your favourite soft drink? a. agreeable b. Highly Satisfied c. Dissatisfied d. Highly dissatisfied Satisfied Highly satisfied Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied 21 29 0 0 Q 6. Are you influnenced by the advertisement given by your favourite soft drink company? a. Ye s b. No c. whitethorn be Yes No May be 24 19 7 Q 7. Do you think that endorsement by the celebrities can increase the sell of the soft drinks? a. Yes b. No c. May be Yes No May be 28 7 15 Q 8.Is your favourite soft drink available in all/most of the retail store in your city? a. Yes b. No Yes No 39 11 Q 9. Do you feel that soft drinks should contain less calories so that those can be taken by the diabatese patients also? a. Yes b. No Yes No 32 18 Q 10. How many quantify in a week you go for soft drinks? a. 0-3 times b. 4-6 times c. 7-10 times d. More than 10 times 0-3 times 4-6 times 7-10 times More than 10 times 20 22 5 3 Q 11. If you are an alcohol consumer,then at the time of eat alcohol do you consume soft drinks also for making the taste of alcohol better?a. Yes b. No c. Sometimes Yes No Sometimes 8 5 6 Q 12. Do you store soft drink at the refrigerator of your home? a. Yes b. No Yes No 33 17 Q 13. According to you what is the main USP of the soft drinks available in the mark et? a. little costly than other drinks b. sagacity c. Availability d. More tonic less(prenominal) costly than other drinks Taste Availability More refreshing than other drinks 4 39 0 7 Q 14. Do you feel that inspite of using mushy flavours soft drink companies should go for inbred flavours? a. Yes b. No c. May be Yes No May be 21 18 11 Q 15.How do you rate the promotional strategies used by the soft drink companies? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 12 15 19 2 CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS DATA ANALYSIS CROSS TABULATION,GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION AND INFERENCE QUESTIONNAIRE Q 1. Do you like to have soft drinks? a. Yes b. No Yes No 42 8 Interpretation Since the survey is done among the youth,from the statistics we can say that consumption of soft drink is very popular among youth. Q 2. Do you think that soft drinks that are available in the market are harmful for your health ? a. Yes b. No Yes No 29 21.Interpretation Out of 50 people 21 people think that having soft drinks is harmful for their health. Inspite of that most of them consume soft drinks. Q 3. Do you think that soft drinks are good for refreshment? a. Yes b. No Yes No 37 13 Interpretation Most number of people feel that soft drinks are good for refreshment. Q 4. Which is your favourite flavour? a. Cola b. Orange c. Mango d. Lemon e. Others Cola Orange Mango Lemon Others 26 10 10 4 0 Interpretation legal age of the people prefer to have cola. Q 5. Are you satisfied with the price of your favourite soft drink?a. Satisfied b. Highly Satisfied c. Dissatisfied d. Highly dissatisfied Satisfied Highly satisfied Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied 21 29 0 0 Interpretation There is no dissatisfaction among the consumer regarding the price of the soft drinks. Q 6. Are you influnenced by the advertisement given by your favourite soft drink company? a. Yes b. No c. May be Yes No May be 24 19 7 Interpretation Most of the people are influenced by the advertisement given by the companies. So we can say that advertisement play s a major role in influencing soft drinks consumer. Q 7.Do you think that endorsement by the celebrities can increase the sell of the soft drinks? a. Yes b. No c. May be Yes No May be 28 7 15 Interpretation Majority of the people are influenced by the celebrity endorsement Q 8. Is your favourite soft drink available in all/most of the retail store in your city? a. Yes b. No Yes No 39 11 Interpretation Since most of the peoples favourite soft drinks are available throughout their city,we can assume that distribution system of those companies are quite good. Though in some cases better distribution is required. Q 9.Do you feel that soft drinks should contain less calories so that those can be taken by the diabatese patients also? a. Yes b. No Yes No 32 18 Interpretation Most of the people are satisfied with the calory level in the soft drinks. Though some people want less calories. Q 10. How many times in a week you go for soft drinks? a. 0-3 times b. 4-6 times c. 7-10 times d. More t han 10 times 0-3 times 4-6 times 7-10 times More than 10 times 20 22 5 3 Interpretation Majority of the people consume at least 4-6 times in a week. So we can assume that high demand for soft drink is there. Q 11.If you are an alcohol consumer,then at the time of consuming alcohol do you consume soft drinks also for making the taste of alcohol better? a. Yes b. No c. Sometimes Yes No Sometimes 8 5 6 Interpretation There exists a derived consumption of soft drinks. Q 12. Do you store soft drink at the refrigerator of your home? a. Yes b. No Yes No 33 17 Interpretation Now a days most of the people store soft drinks in their home. So we can assume that the popularity of consuming soft drinks is increasing day by day. Q 13. According to you what is the main USP of the soft drinks available in the market? a. Less costly than other drinks b.Taste c. Availability d. More refreshing Less costly than other drinks Taste Availability More refreshing than other drinks 4 39 0 7 Interpretation M ajority of the people consume soft drinks because of its taste. Price doesnt matter that much to them. Q 14. Do you feel that inspite of using artificial flavours soft drink companies should go for natural flavours? a. Yes b. No c. May be Yes No May be 21 18 11 Interpretation Most of the people feels that natural flavours would be better than the artificial/synthetic flavours. Q 15. How do you rate the promotional strategies used by the soft drink companies?1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 12 15 19 2 Interpretation Majority of the consumer are very much satisfied by the promotions being done by the companies. CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSION FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FINDINGS * Most of the consumers are influenced by those brands which represents their characteristics. In this case we have found that cola drinks are preffered by most of the boys,since those drinks are stronger than other drinks and most of the girls preffer to have orange and mango flavoured drinks as tho se are mild in taste compare to the cola drinks.* Most of the consumers are influenced by those brands which are being endorsed by the celebrities. * Promotion plays a very important role in case of increasing the sell,penetrate the market and holding the current market share. RECOMMENDATIONS * Now a days consumers are becoming health conscious. So keeping that in mind,companies should think about using natural flavours in spite of those synthetic ones. * To increase the market share companies should think about the people like diabatese patients also as they cannot consume high calories. Though some companies are manufacturing pabulum soft drinks but they are very few in numbers.CONCLUSION * From the survey it can be conclude that majority of the consumer like to purchase cola , flavor. * Consumers like to purchase soft drinks because of refreshments * In this scenario consumer buying behaviour is changed, because they are more health conscious .REFERENCES * http//www. helium. com /items/656129-consumer-buying-behavior-and-market-segmen tation * http//sbinformation. about. com/od/advertisingpr/a/behavior. htm * http//www. associatedcontent. com/article/19593/marketing_factors_consumer_buying_behavior. html? cat=35 * http//www. WorldThinkTank. net/wttbbs/.* http//ideas. repec.org/a/aea/jecper/v23y2009i2p99-120. html * http//www. livemint. com/2008/12/24222258/Buying-behaviour-Indian-consu. html * www. google. co. in * www. yahoo. co. in ANNEXURE QUESTIONNAIRE Q 1. Do you like to have soft drinks? a. Yes b. No Q 2. Do you think that soft drinks that are available in the market are harmful for your health ? a. Yes b. No Q 3. Do you think that soft drinks are good for refreshment? a. Yes b. No Q 4. Which is your favourite flavour? a. Cola b. Orange c. Mango d. Lemon e. Others Q 5. Are you satisfied with the price of your favourite soft drink? a. Satisfied b. Highly Satisfied c. Dissatisfied d.Highly dissatisfied Q 6. Are you influnenced by the advertisement give n by your favourite soft drink company? a. Yes b. No c. May be Q 7. Do you think that endorsement by the celebrities can increase the sell of the soft drinks? a. Yes b. No c. May be Q 8. Is your favourite soft drink available in all/most of the retail store in your city? a. Yes b. No Q 9. Do you feel that soft drinks should contain less calories so that those can be taken by the diabatese patients also? a. Yes b. No Q 10. How many times in a week you go for soft drinks? a. 0-3 times b. 4-6 times c. 7-10 times d. More than 10 times Q 11.If you are an alcohol consumer,then at the time of consuming alcohol do you consume soft drinks also for making the taste of alcohol better? a. Yes b. No c. Sometimes Q 12. Do you store soft drink at the refrigerator of your home? a. Yes b. No Q 13. According to you what is the main USP of the soft drinks available in the market? a. Less costly than other drinks b. Taste c. Availability d. More refreshing Q 14. Do you feel that inspite of using artifi cial flavours soft drink companies should go for natural flavours? a. Yes b. No c. May be Q 15. How do you rate the promotional strategies used by the soft drink companies?

Choose a Favorite Food, and Write a How-to Essay Explaining

In this project I assure that Alfredo sauce underside be use for a verity of rules and meals. Alfredo sauce can be used in pasta, chicken, and maybe you can mix nigh vinegar into Alfredo and build up a dressing issue of it for salads. I also learned how to cook pasta with Alfredo and chicken and make my own things with Alfredo. I unquestionably can say that I can cook with Alfredo. You know if you think of it cooking with Alfredo is not that gravely to make. You can cook some chicken and invest Alfredo on it. You can boil pasta and put some Alfredo on it. Also you can make a pizza or enchiladas and put some Alfredo on it.Has you can see Alfredo can be has a dressing for a whole some(prenominal) of things. In this project I also had to make myself a scoop up. That was the first metre I make myself one and I did it by myself it wasnt made. So I can make me a resume anytime for future needs. Making my resume meant I had to know all of my skills and objective and things like that. For me that was actually entire to know how to do it at my age. So I can do it in the future when a job I want to do wants a resume. In the first part of the project we had to in truth cook our chosen recipes.That was some experiment for me because I got the chance to cook something for my family instead of eggs and pancakes or something like that. So that was really fun for me. In the second part we just had to pick hit-or-miss recipes. When I was doing that I saw, like I said in the beginning, a lot of meals with Alfredo sauce in it. So that was something to know about, seeing a lot of recipes I didnt even know Alfredo can be used for. Like one recipe it was like chicken wrap in with play and cheese and Alfredo on top of it. That meal I had the chance of doing it and tasting it.SO when I decided to make it I thought it was weird. I never thought that could be thought of to make and the taste was really good that I still do it today sometimes when I cook for my family. We ll the modal value I did it was good. I followed the directions but the taste might have been different then tap, but mine was still good and sometimes I add a little things to it and make it better. Well that recipe was good and one I never would of that Alfredo would be in it. This is probably the things I learned during the time I did the project.

Jashan-E-Baharan Celebrations at Cbm

Jashan-e-Baharan Celebrations at CBM Jashan-e-Baharan or the onset of spring is celebrated all over the country and different festivals are organised on its arrival. CBM, ane of the leading business schools of the country, organized a similar festival, Basant Mela by name, on the twenty-fourthof March, 2008. The event, starting at 300 pm, was an astounding success with hundreds of students thronging the campus premises to participate in the festivities.The program wondrously galvanized the enthusiasm of both the students and the faculty members and was staged in a typical ambience of spring gruntle encompassing colours, kites and excitement everywhere. The PrologueHectic and intense preparations preceded the event with every minute detail from the arrangement of the tables that unavoidable to be laid out to the number of people expected to attend the event, both students of the college and expected outsiders.As performers rehearsed days and nights, fellow students also supporte d, cheered and propelled them to put up their best show. A mini dress rumor of concert and entertainment programs was held on the 20thof March at the campus auditorium and only the students of CBM were allowed to have on-stage performance. The MelaVolunteers of the Entertainment & Publications friendship started to troop in promptly by 1000 am in the morning. The event gathered neural impulse with the unfolding of the event backdrop and the tables being laid out.As the creaks of the microphones and the Hellos reverberated throughout the hall, one could sense the excitement in store. By the middle of afternoon the pace saturated and as the time struck 300 pm the event was officially declared opened by the president of the verbalize society and students started pouring in. A hearty welcome in traditional style was offered to the patrons, including the Executive director Academics of the college, Mr. Talib S. Karim.Once inside, nostrils were filled with the flavors of the Chaat, Samosas and a colorful chaos, the folklore characteristics of village melas. A special section was dedicated for the kite-flyers in the car parking area and no one was allowed to fly kites at each early(a) erupt of the vicinity in order to ensure safety and discipline for all the participants. A throng of ring gathered near the Game Arena, a portion dedicated to the game lovers, trying their jeopardy in games of chances.One student was noticed in particular by everyone who, after the 26th attempt, get a ring on the right spot and amidst a burst of cheers and applauds won a look upon . For those who appreciated the finer aspects of tradition and handworks, a table filled with the various exotic and eye-catching pots, shawls, bangles and other ornaments from Kashmir and northern valleys, were waiting to be scooped away.A special information-booth was setup for outsiders and guests which served its purpose well especially for those implicated in knowing about the institute in detail. The main sponsors of the event were Cadbury, Glaxo Smith Kline and the makers of Lipton Tea. Beyond any doubt, such events are a source of entertainment and refreshment for both the students and faculty members and they should be organized on a regular basis.

Statistics Chapter 12 Solutions

CHAPTER 12 TESTS FOR TWO OR MORE SAMPLES WITH CATEGORICAL DATA 1. When rilling for independence in a adventure table with 3 rows and 4 columns, thither argon ________ degrees of freedom. a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 12 make b theatrical role MC bother flabby KEYWORDS chi-squ be examine of independence, degrees of freedom 2. If we use the pic method of epitome to thunder mugvas for the odd custodyts among 4 counterpoises, the degrees of freedom be equal to a) 3. b) 4. c) 5. d) 1. help a cause MC problem balmy KEYWORDS chi-squ be analyse for digression in ratios, degrees of freedom . If we wish to shape whether on that point is try out that the isotropy of successes is higher in con program 1 than in group 2, the captivate judge to use is a) the Z rill. b) the pic tryout. c) both of the in a higher place d) none of the above coiffe a token MC obstruction Easy KEYWORDS chi-squ are hear for divergency in proportions 4. If we wish to determine whether thither is e vidence that the proportion of successes is the identical in group 1 as in group 2, the appropriate tryout to use is a) the Z screen out. b) the pic shew. c) both of the above d) none of the above dish up face MC difficultness Easy KEYWORDS chi-square try on for going away in proportions 5. In examination a theory using the pic shew, the theoretical frequencies are based on the a) deceitful conjecture. b) option scheme. c) normal distribution. d) none of the above. help a persona MC obstacle Easy KEYWORDS chi-square examine for divergency in proportions, properties put back 12-1 A learning published in the Ameri rotter Journal of Public health was conducted to determine whether the use of piece of tail belts in labor vehicles depends on ethnic berth in San Diego County.A type of 792 children treated for injuries sustained from motor vehicle accidents was obtained, and each child was classified according to (1) ethnic status (Hispanic or non-Hispanic) and (2 ) seat belt usage ( faint or non worn) during the accident. The phone mo of children in each stratum is devoted in the table below. Hispanic Non-Hispanic Seat belts worn 31 148 Seat belts non worn 283 330 . Referring to defer 12-1, which running play would be utilize to properly try out the data in this experi ment? a) running for independence. b) ravel for dispute surrounded by proportions. c) ANOVA F block out for interaction in a 2 x 2 factorial design. d) running play for goodness of fit. fare a vitrine MC difficulty conduct KEYWORDS chi-square see of independence 7. Referring to board 12-1, the calculated analyse statistic is a) -0. 9991. b) -0. 1368. c) 48. 1849. d) 72. 8063. make c vitrine MC bother Easy KEYWORDS chi-square canvass of independence, test statistic 8.Referring to add-in 12-1, at 5% take aim of import, the deprecative harbor of the test statistic is a) 3. 8415. b) 5. 9914. c) 9. 4877. d) 13. 2767. ANSWER a slip MC bar Easy K EYWORDS chi-square test of independence, everyplace scathing protect 9. Referring to prorogue 12-1, at 5% aim of signifi burnce, there is sufficient evidence to abstain that the a) use of seat belts in motor vehicles is related to ethnic status in San Diego County. b) use of seat belts in motor vehicles depends on ethnic status in San Diego County. c) use of seat belts in motor vehicles is associated with ethnic status in San Diego County. ) every(prenominal) of the above ANSWER d typesetters case MC obstruction decrease KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, finale, consequence submit 12-2 M each companies use well-known celebrities as spokespersons in their TV advertisements. A study was conducted to determine whether sucker awareness of female person TV viewers and the gender of the spokesperson are commutative. all(prenominal) in a sample of 300 female TV viewers was asked to discover a carrefour advertised by a celebrity spokesperson. The gender of the spok esperson and whether or not the viewer could identify the product was recorded. The numbers in each category are given below. Male Celebrity distaff Celebrity Identified product 41 61 Could not identify 109 89 10. Referring to dishearten 12-2, which test would be used to properly analyze the data in this experiment? a) test for independence. b) test for struggle between proportions. c) ANOVA F test for briny treatment effect. d) test for goodness of fit. ANSWER a case MC trouble Mode regularizeKEYWORDS chi-square test of independence 11. Referring to shelve 12-2, the calculated test statistic is a) -0. 1006. b) 0. 00. c) 5. 9418. d) 6. 1194. ANSWER c sign MC barrier Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, test statistic 12. Referring to prorogue 12-2, at 5% level of signifi substructurece, the unfavorable order of the test statistic is a) 3. 8415. b) 5. 9914. c) 9. 4877. d) 13. 2767. ANSWER a image MC difficulty Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, p articular economic observe 13. Referring to elude 12-2, the degrees of freedom of the test statistic are a) 1. b) 2. c) 4. ) 299. ANSWER a image MC obstacle Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, degrees of freedom 14. Referring to Table 12-2, at 5% level of import, the terminus is that a) brand awareness of female TV viewers and the gender of the spokesperson are self-employed person. b) brand awareness of female TV viewers and the gender of the spokesperson are not independent. c) brand awareness of female TV viewers and the gender of the spokesperson are related. d) both (b) and (c) ANSWER d suit MC obstacle Mode compute KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, end, conclusion TABLE 12-3A computer used by a 24-hour banking service is supposed to stochasticly assign each transaction to one of 5 remembrance locations. A check at the end of a days proceedings gave the counts shown in the table to each of the 5 memory locations, along with the number of reporte d errors. Memory Location 1 2 3 4 5 Number of Transactions 82 100 74 92 102 Number of Reported Errors 11 12 6 9 10 The bank manager regarded to test whether the proportion of errors in transactions assigned to each of the 5 memory locations differ. 15. Referring to Table 12-3, which test would be used to properly analyze the data in this experiment? a) test for independence b) test for leaving between proportions c) ANOVA F test for main treatment effect d) test for goodness of fit ANSWER b cause MC bother find out KEYWORDS chi-square test for deviance in proportions 16. Referring to Table 12-3, the degrees of freedom of the test statistic is a) 4. b) 8. c) 10. d) 448. ANSWER a grapheme MC fuss EasyKEYWORDS chi-square test for rest in proportions, degrees of freedom 17. Referring to Table 12-3, the critical value of the test statistic at 1% level of significance is a) 7. 7794. b) 13. 2767. c) 20. 0902. d) 23. 2093. ANSWER b TYPE MC trouble Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test fo r end in proportions, critical value 18. Referring to Table 12-3, the calculated value of the test statistic is a) -0. 1777. b) -0. 0185. c) 1. 4999. d) 1. 5190. ANSWER c TYPE MC difficultness make KEYWORDS chi-square test for deviation in proportions, test statistic 19. Referring to Table 12-3, at 1% level of significance ) there is sufficient evidence to close that the proportions of errors in transactions assigned to each of the 5 memory locations are all diverse. b) there is meager evidence to conclude that the proportions of errors in transactions assigned to each of the 5 memory locations are all different. c) there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of errors in transactions assigned to each of the 5 memory locations are not all the same. d) there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of errors in transactions assigned to each of the 5 memory locations are not all the same.ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY conquer KEYWORDS chi-square t est for loss in proportions, decision, conclusion 20. Moving companies are essential by the government to publish a Carrier Per conformityance Report each course of instruction. One of the descriptive statistics they must include is the annual percentage of shipments on which a $50 or greater adduce for loss or damage was filed. Suppose deuce companies, Econo-Move and On-the-Move, each decide to estimate this figure by sampling their records, and they report the data shown in the future(a) table. Econo-Move On-the-Move Total shipments sampled 900 750 Number of shipments with a claim pic $50 162 60 The owner of On-the-Move is hoping to use these data to show that the company is superior to Econo-Move with regard to the percentage of claims filed. Which test would be used to properly analyze the data in this experiment? a) test for independence b) test for goodness of fit ) ANOVA F test for main treatment effect d) test for the fight between proportions ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFI CULTY buffer KEYWORDS Z test for difference in twain proportions 21. The Wall Street Journal deep ran an denomination indicating differences in the perception of inner bedevilment on the job between men and women. The article claimed that women perceived the problem to be frequently much(prenominal)(prenominal) prevalent than did men. One question asked to both men and women was Do you think versed torture is a major problem in the American study? Some 24% of the men, compared to 62% of the women, responded Yes. presumptuous W designates womens responses and M designates mens, what surmise should The Wall Street Journal test in order to show that its claim is true? a) H0 pW pM pic 0 versus H1 pW pM 0 b) H0 pW pM pic 0 versus H1 pW pM 0 c) H0 pW pM = 0 versus H1 pW pM pic 0 d) H0 (W (M pic 0 versus H1 (W (M 0 ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in 2 proportions, form of dead reckoning 22. The Wall Street Journal recently ran an article indicating differences in perception of intimate harassment on the job between men and women.The article claimed that women perceived the problem to be untold more(prenominal) prevalent than did men. One question asked to both men and women was Do you think sexual harassment is a major problem in the American workplace? Some 24% of the men, compared to 62% of the women, responded Yes. Suppose that cl women and cc men were interviewed. For a 0. 01 level of significance, what is the critical value for the rejection region? a) 7. 173 b) 7. 106 c) 6. 635 d) 2. 33 ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in 2 proportions, critical value 23.The Wall Street Journal recently ran an article indicating differences in perception of sexual harassment on the job between men and women. The article claimed that women perceived the problem to be much more prevalent than did men. One question asked to both men and women was Do you think sexual harassment is a major problem in the American workplace? Some 24% of the men, compared to 62% of the women, responded Yes. Suppose that cl women and 200 men were interviewed. What is the value of the test statistic? a) 7. 173 b) 7. 106 c) 6. 635 d) 2. 33 ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY ModerateKEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, test statistic 24. The Wall Street Journal recently ran an article indicating differences in perception of sexual harassment on the job between men and women. The article claimed that women perceived the problem to be much more prevalent than did men. One question asked to both men and women was Do you think sexual harassment is a major problem in the American workplace? Some 24% of the men, compared to 62% of the women, responded Yes. Suppose that 150 women and 200 men were interviewed. What conclusion should be reached? a) victimisation a 0. 1 level of significance, there is sufficient evidence to conclude that women perceive the problem of sexual harass ment on the job as being much more prevalent than do men. b) on that point is insufficient evidence to conclude with at least 99% confidence that women perceive the problem of sexual harassment on the job as being much more prevalent than do men. c) there is no evidence of a significant difference between the men and women in their perception. d) More information is call for to draw any conclusions from the data set. ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, decision, conclusion 5. A regent(postnominal) womens group has claimed that men and women differ in attitudes about sexual discrimination. A group of 50 men (group 1) and 40 women (group 2) were asked if they thought sexual discrimination is a problem in the United give tongue tos. Of those sampled, 11 of the men and 19 of the women did believe that sexual discrimination is a problem. Which of the following are the appropriate useless and substitute hypotheses to test the grou ps claim? a) H0 pW pM pic 0 versus H1 pW pM 0 b) H0 pW pM pic 0 versus H1 pW pM 0 c) H0 pW pM = 0 versus H1 pW pM pic 0 ) H0 (W (M pic 0 versus H1 (W (M 0 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, form of conjecture 26. A powerful womens group has claimed that men and women differ in attitudes about sexual discrimination. A group of 50 men (group 1) and 40 women (group 2) were asked if they thought sexual discrimination is a problem in the United States. Of those sampled, 11 of the men and 19 of the women did believe that sexual discrimination is a problem. Find the value of the test statistic. a) Z = 2. 55 b) Z = 0. 85 c) Z = 1. 05 d) Z = 1. 20ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, test statistic 27. A powerful womens group has claimed that men and women differ in attitudes about sexual discrimination. A group of 50 men (group 1) and 40 women (group 2) were asked if they t hought sexual discrimination is a problem in the United States. Of those sampled, 11 of the men and 19 of the women did believe that sexual discrimination is a problem. If the p value turns out to be 0. 035 (which is NOT the real value in this data set), then a) at pic = 0. 05, we should fail to reject H0. ) at pic = 0. 04, we should reject H0. c) at pic = 0. 03, we should reject H0. d) None of the above would be correct statements. ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, decision, conclusion TABLE 12-4 A some eld ago, Pepsi invited consumers to take the Pepsi Challenge. Consumers were asked to decide which of two sodas, Coke or Pepsi, they preferred in a blind taste test. Pepsi was interest in determining what factors played a role in peoples taste preferences. One of the factors studied was the gender of the consumer.Below are the results of analyses comparing the taste preferences of men and women, with the proportions depicting preference for Pepsi. Males n = 109, pSM = 0. 422018Females n = 52, pSF = 0. 25 pSM pSF = 0. 172018Z = 2. 11825 28. Referring to Table 12-4, to determine if a difference exists in the taste preferences of men and women, give the correct alternative hypothesis that Pepsi would test. a) H1 pic b) H1 pic c) H1 pM pF pic 0 d) H1 pM pF = 0 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, form of hypothesis 29.Referring to Table 12-4, suppose Pepsi wanted to test to determine if the males preferred Pepsi more than the females. Using the test statistic given, compute the appropriate p-value for the test. a) 0. 0171 b) 0. 0340 c) 0. 2119 d) 0. 4681 ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, p-value 30. Referring to Table 12-4, suppose Pepsi wanted to test to determine if the males preferred Pepsi less than the females. Using the test statistic given, compute the appropriate p-value for the test. a) 0. 0170 b ) 0. 0340 c) 0. 9660 d) 0. 9830 ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY ModerateKEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, p-value 31. Referring to Table 12-4, suppose that the two-tailed p-value was really 0. 0734. State the proper conclusion. a) At pic = 0. 05, there is sufficient evidence to destine the proportion of males preferring Pepsi differs from the proportion of females preferring Pepsi. b) At pic = 0. 10, there is sufficient evidence to indicate the proportion of males preferring Pepsi differs from the proportion of females preferring Pepsi. c) At pic = 0. 05, there is sufficient evidence to indicate the proportion of males preferring Pepsi equals the proportion of females preferring Pepsi. ) At pic = 0. 08, there is insufficient evidence to indicate the proportion of males preferring Pepsi differs from the proportion of females preferring Pepsi. ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, decision, conclusion TABLE 12-5 The follo wing Excel output contains the results of a test to determine if the proportions of live up to guests at two resorts are the same or different. Hypothesized Difference 0 Level of Significance 0. 5 aggroup 1 Number of Successes 163 Sample Size 227 base 2 Number of Successes 154 Sample Size 262 separate 1 counterbalance 0. 18061674 Group 2 Proportion 0. 58778626 Difference in Two Proportions 0. 130275414 norm Proportion 0. 648261759 Test Statistic 3. 00875353 Two-Tailed Test Lower Critical Value -1. 59961082 Upper Critical Value 1. 959961082 p-Value 0. 002623357 32. Referring to Table 12-5, allowing for 0. 75% probability of committing a Type I error, what are the decision and conclusion on testing whether there is any difference in the proportions of satisfied guests in the two resorts? a.Do not reject the nonentity hypothesis there is enough evidence to conclude that there is significant difference in the proportions of satisfied guests at the two resor ts. b. Do not reject the deceitful hypothesis there is not enough evidence to conclude that there is significant difference in the proportions of satisfied guests at the two resorts. c. Reject the unsubstantial hypothesis there is enough evidence to conclude that there is significant difference in the proportions of satisfied guests at the two resorts. d.Reject the null hypothesis there is not enough evidence to conclude that there is significant difference in the proportions of satisfied guests at the two resorts. ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, decision, conclusion 33. Referring to Table 12-5, if you want to test the claim that Resort 1 (Group 1) has a higher proportion of satisfied guests than Resort 2 (Group 2), the p-value of the test result be a) 0. 00262. b) 0. 00262/2. c) 2*(0. 00262). d) 1-(0. 00262/2). ANSWER bTYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, p-value 34. Referring to Table 12-5, if you want to test the claim that Resort 1 (Group 1) has a lower proportion of satisfied guests than Resort 2 (Group 2), you leave alone use a) a t test for the difference in two proportions. b) a Z test for the difference in two proportions. c) a pic test for the difference in two proportions. d) a pic test for independence. ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportionsTABLE 12-6 One criterion used to evaluate employees in the assembly section of a mammoth factory is the number of tarnishive pieces per 1,000 move produced. The tone of voice control department wants to find out whether there is a affinity between grades of experience and desolate rate. Since the job is repetitious, after the initial training period, any improvement due to a learning effect might be offset by a loss of motivation. A defect rate is calculated for each worker in a gradely evaluation. The results for 100 workers are given in the table below. age Since Training Period 1 Year 1 4 Years 5 9 Years High 6 9 9 Defect Rate Average 9 19 23 Low 7 8 10 5. Referring to Table 12-6, which test would be used to properly analyze the data in this experiment to determine whether there is a relationship between defect rate and years of experience? a) pictest for independence in a two-way misfortune table b) pictest for equal proportions in a one-way table c) ANOVA F test for main treatment effect d) Z test for the difference in two proportions ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence 36. Referring to Table 12-6, find the rejection region necessary for testing at the 0. 5 level of significance whether there is a relationship between defect rate and years of experience. a) Reject H0 if pic 16. 919. b) Reject H0 if pic 15. 507. c) Reject H0 if pic 11. 143. d) Reject H0 if pic 9. 488. ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, critical value 37. Referring to T able 12-6, what is the judge number of employees with less than 1 year of training duration and a high defect rate? a) 4. 17 b) 4. 60 c) 5. 28 d) 9. 17 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, misfortune table, properties 8. Referring to Table 12-6, what is the expected number of employees with 1 to 4 years of training succession and a high defect rate? a) 12. 00 b) 8. 64 c) 6. 67 d) 6. 00 ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, misadventure table, properties 39. Referring to Table 12-6, of the mobile phone for 1 to 4 years of training time and a high defect rate, what is the contribution to the boilersuit pic statistic for the independence test? a) 0. 36 b) 0. 1296 c) 0. 015 d) 0. 0144 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 0. Referring to Table 12-6, a test was conducted to determine if a relationship exists between defect rate an d years of experience. Which of the following p-values would indicate that defect rate and years of experience are dependent? Assume you are testing at pic = 0. 05. a) 0. 045 b) 0. 055 c) 0. 074 d) 0. 080 ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, p-value, decision TABLE 12-7 A corporation randomly selects 150 salespeople and finds that 66% who ca-ca never taken a self-reformation course would like to take such a course.The substantial did a similar study 10 years ago in which 60% of a random sample of 160 salespeople wanted to take a self-improvement course. The groups are assumed to be independent random samples. Let p1 and p2 represent the true proportion of workers who would like to attend a self-improvement course in the recent study and the past study, respectively. 41. Referring to Table 12-7, if the firm wanted to test whether this proportion has changed from the old study, which represents the relevant hypotheses? a) H0 p1 p2 = 0 versus H 1 p1 p2 pic 0 b) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 = 0 ) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0 d) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0 ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions 42. Referring to Table 12-7, if the firm wanted to test whether a greater proportion of workers would currently like to attend a self-improvement course than in the past, which represents the relevant hypotheses? a) H0 p1 p2 = 0 versus H1 p1 p2 pic 0 b) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 = 0 c) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0 ) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, form of hypothesis 43. Referring to Table 12-7, what is the unbiased point estimate for the difference between the two nation proportions? a) 0. 06 b) 0. 10 c) 0. 15 d) 0. 22 ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS point estimate 44. Referring to Table 12-7, what is/are the cri tical value(s) when makeing a Z test on whether population proportions are different if pic = 0. 05? a) pic 1. 645 b) pic 1. 96 c) -1. 96 d) pic 2. 8 ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, critical value 45. Referring to Table 12-7, what is/are the critical value(s) when testing whether population proportions are different if pic = 0. 10? a) pic 1. 645 b) pic 1. 96 c) -1. 96 d) pic 2. 08 ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, critical value 46. Referring to Table 12-7, what is/are the critical value(s) when testing whether the current population proportion is higher than before if pic = 0. 05? a) pic1. 645 b) + 1. 45 c) pic1. 96 d) + 1. 96 ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, critical value 47. Referring to Table 12-7, what is the estimated standard error of the difference between the two sample proportions? a) 0. 629 b) 0. 500 c) 0. 055 d) 0 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, standard error 48. Referring to Table 12-7, what is the value of the test statistic to use in evaluating the alternative hypothesis that there is a difference in the two population proportions? ) 4. 335 b) 1. 96 c) 1. 093 d) 0 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, chi-square test for difference in proportions, test statistic 49. Referring to Table 12-7, the company tests at the 0. 05 level to determine whether the population proportion has changed from the previous study. Which of the following is most correct? a) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the proportion of employees who are arouse in a self-improvement course has changed over the intervening 10 years. ) Do not reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the proportion of employees who are interested in a self-improvement course has not changed over the intervening 10 years. c) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the proportion of employees who are interested in a self-improvement course has increased over the intervening 10 years. d) Do not reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the proportion of employees who are interested in a self-improvement course has increased over the intervening 10 years. ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY ModerateKEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, chi-square test for difference in proportions, decision, conclusion 50. accepted or nonsensical In testing the difference between two proportions, we may use either a one-tailed chi-square test or two-tailed Z test. ANSWER real TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, chi-square test for difference in proportions 51. align or unreasonable The squared difference between the observed and theoretical frequencies should be large if there is no significant difference between the proportions.ANSWER ridiculous TYPE TF DIFFICU LTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, properties 52. straightforward or bastard A test for the difference between two proportions can be performed using the chi-square distribution. ANSWER uncoiled TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions 53. current or False A test for whether one proportion is higher than the other can be performed using the chi-square distribution. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions 54.True or False When using the pic tests for independence, one should be aware that expected frequencies that are too runty will lead to too big a Type I error. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Difficult KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, properties, assumption 55. True or False If we use the chi-square method of analysis to test for the difference between proportions, we must assume that there are at least 5 observed frequencies in each carrell of the contingency table. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, properties, assumption 6. If we wish to determine whether there is evidence that the proportion of successes is higher in Group 1 than in Group 2, and the test statistic for Z = +2. 07, the p-value is equal to ______. ANSWER 0. 0192 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, p-value TABLE 12-8 The dean of a college is interested in the proportion of graduates from his college who have a job offer on graduation day. He is particularly interested in seeing if there is a difference in this proportion for accounting and economics majors.In a random sample of 100 of each type of major at graduation, he found that 65 accounting majors and 52 economics majors had job offers. If the accounting majors are designated as Group 1 and the economics majors are designated as Group 2, perform the appropriate hypothesis test using a level of significance of 0. 05. 57. Referring to Table 12-8, the hypotheses the dean should use are a) H0 p1 p2 = 0 versus H1 p1 p2 pic 0. b) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 = 0. c) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0. d) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0.ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, form of hypothesis 58. Referring to Table 12-8, the null hypothesis will be rejected if the test statistic is ________. ANSWER Z 1. 96 or -1. 96 or pic 3. 841 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, critical value 59. Referring to Table 12-8, the value of the test statistic is ________. ANSWER Z = 1. 866 or pic = 3. 4806 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY ModerateKEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, test statistic 60. Referring to Table 12-8, the p-value of the test is ________. ANSWER 0. 0621 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, p-value 61. True or False Referring to Table 12-8, the null hypothesis should be rejected. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, decision 62.True or False Referring to Table 12-8, the same decision would be made with this test if the level of significance had been 0. 01 sooner than 0. 05. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, decision 63. True or False Referring to Table 12-8, the same decision would be made with this test if the level of significance had been 0. 10 rather than 0. 05. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Z test for difference in two proportions, decision TABLE 12-9A quality control engineer is in charge of the manufacture of computer disks. Two different processes can be used to manufacture the disks. He suspects that the Kohler method produces a greater proportion of defects than the Russell method. He samples 150 of the Kohler and 200 of the Russell disks and finds that 27 and 18 of them, respectively, are defective. If Kohler is designated as Group 1 and Russell is designated as Group 2, perform the appropriate test at a level of significance of 0. 01. 64. Referring to Table 12-9, the hypotheses that should be tested are a) H0 p1 p2 = 0 versus H1 p1 p2 pic 0. ) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 = 0. c) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0. d) H0 p1 p2 pic 0 versus H1 p1 p2 0. ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, form of hypothesis 65. Referring to Table 12-9, the null hypothesis will be rejected if the test statistic is ________. ANSWER Z 2. 33 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, cri tical value 66. Referring to Table 12-9, the value of the test statistic is ________. ANSWER 2. 49 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY ModerateKEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, test statistic 67. Referring to Table 12-9, the p-value of the test is ________. ANSWER 0. 0064 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, p-value 68. True or False Referring to Table 12-9, the null hypothesis should be rejected. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, decision 69. True or False Referring to Table 12-9, the same decision would be made with this test if the level of significance had been 0. 05 rather than 0. 01. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY ModerateKEYWORDS Z test for difference in two proportions, decision 70. True or False Referring to Table 12-9, the same decision would be made if this had been a two-tailed test at a level of significance of 0. 01. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS Z tes t for difference in two proportions, decision TABLE 12-10 The director of transportation of a large company is interested in the usage of her van pool. She considers her routes to be divided into local and non-local. She is particularly interested in learning if there is a difference in the proportion of males and females who use the local routes.She takes a sample of a days riders and finds the following Male Female Total Local 27 44 71 Non-Local 33 25 58 Total 60 69 129 She will use this information to perform a chi-square hypothesis test using a level of significance of 0. 05. 71. Referring to Table 12-10, the test will refer _________ degree(s) of freedom. ANSWER 1TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, degrees of freedom 72. Referring to Table 12-10, the overall or ordinary proportion of local riders is __________. ANSWER 0. 550 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, properties 73. Referring to Table 12-10, the expected cell frequency in the Male/Local cell is __________. ANSWER 33. 02 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, contingency table, properties 74. Referring to Table 12-10, the expected cell frequency in the Female/Non-Local cell is __________.ANSWER 31. 02 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, contingency table, properties 75. Referring to Table 12-10, the critical value of the test is _________. ANSWER 3. 841 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, critical value 76. Referring to Table 12-10, the value of the test statistic is _________. ANSWER 4. 568 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, test statistic 77. True or False Referring to Table 12-10, the null hypothesis will be rejected.ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, decisio n 78. True or False Referring to Table 12-10, the decision made suggests that there is a difference between the proportion of males and females who ride local versus non-local routes. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Median KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, conclusion TABLE 12-11 Four surgical procedures are currently used to build pacemakers. If the patient does not need to return for follow-up surgery, the operation is called a piss operation.A heart vegetable marrow wants to compare the proportion of clear operations for the 4 procedures, and collects the following numbers of patients from their own records Procedure A B C D Total shit 27 41 21 7 96 Return 11 15 9 11 46 Total 38 56 30 18 142 They will use this information to test for a difference among the proportion of clear operations using a chi-square test with a level of significance of 0. 05. 79. Referring to Table 12-11, the test will involve _________ degrees of freedom. ANSWER 3 TYPE FI DIF FICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, degrees of freedom 80. Referring to Table 12-11, the overall or ordinary proportion of clear operations is __________. ANSWER 0. 676 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, properties 81.Referring to Table 12-11, the expected cell frequency for the Procedure A/Clear cell is __________. ANSWER 25. 69 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, contingency table, properties 82. Referring to Table 12-11, the expected cell frequency for the Procedure D/Return cell is __________. ANSWER 5. 83 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, contingency table, properties 83. Referring to Table 12-11, the critical value of the test is ________. ANSWER 7. 815 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY EasyKEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, critical value 84. Referring to Table 12-11, the value of the test statis tic is _________. ANSWER 7. 867 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, test statistic 85. True or False Referring to Table 12-11, the null hypothesis will be rejected. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, decision 86. True or False Referring to Table 12-11, the decision made suggests that the 4 procedures all have different proportions of clear operations.ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, conclusion 87. True or False Referring to Table 12-11, the decision made suggests that the 4 procedures do not all have the same proportion of clear operations. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, conclusion TABLE 12-12 The director of memory accesss at a state college is interested in seeing if admissions status (admitted, waiting list, denied admission) at his college is i ndependent of the type of residential district in which an applicant resides.He takes a sample of recent admissions decisions and forms the following table Admitted Wait List Denied Total Urban 45 21 17 83 Rural 33 13 24 70 Suburban 34 12 39 85 Total 112 46 80 238 He will use this table to do a chi-square test of independence with a level of significance of 0. 01. 88. Referring to Table 12-12, the test will involve _________ degrees of freedom. ANSWER 4 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, degrees of freedom 89. Referring to Table 12-12, the critical value of the test is _________. ANSWER 13. 277 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, critical value 90. Referring to Table 12-12, the expected cell frequency for the Admitted/Urban cell is _________. ANSWER 39. 06TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 91. Referring to Table 12-12, the value of the test statistic is _________. ANSWER 12. 624 TYPE FI DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, test statistic 92. True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the null hypothesis will be rejected. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, decision 93. True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the p-value of this test is greater than 0. 01. ANSWER TrueTYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, p-value 94. True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the decision made suggests that admissions status at the college is independent of the type of community in which an applicant resides. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, conclusion 95. True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the same decision would be made with this test if the level of significance had been 0. 005. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, decision 6. True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the same decision would be made with this test if the level of significance had been 0. 05. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, decision 97. True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the null hypothesis claims that there is no association between admission status at the college and the type of community in which an applicant resides. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, form of hypothesis, conclusion 98.True or False Referring to Table 12-12, the alternative hypothesis claims that there is some connectedness between admission status at the college and the type of community in which an applicant resides. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, form of hypothesis, conclusion 99. True or False The chi-square test of independence requires that the number of expected frequency in each cell to be at least 5. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-squ are test of independence, assumption 100.True or False The chi-square test of independence requires that the number of expected frequency in each cell to be at least 1. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, assumption TABLE 12-13 Parents complain that children read too few tale books and watch too much television nowadays. A survey of 1,000 children reveals the following information on number time exhausted ceremonial TV and average time pass reading figment books Average time dog-tired reading score books Average time pent watch TV Less than 1 hour Between 1 and 2 hours More than 2 hours Less than 2 hours 90 85 130 More than 2 hours 655 32 8 101. Referring to Table 12-13, how legion(predicate) children in the survey spent less than 2 hours reflexion TV and more than 2 hours reading history books, on average? a) 8 b) 130 c) 175 d) 687 ANSWER bTYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS contingency table, properties 102. Referring to Tab le 12-13, how some children in the survey spent less than 2 hours ceremonial occasion TV and no more than 2 hours reading story books, on average? a) 8 b) 130 c) 175 d) 687 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS contingency table, properties 103. Referring to Table 12-13, if the null hypothesis of no connection between time spent watching TV and time spent reading story books is true, how many children watching less than 2 hours of TV and reading no more than 2 hours of story books, on average, can we expect? ) 35. 69 b) 227. 23 c) 262. 91 d) 969. 75 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Difficult KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 104. Referring to Table 12-13, if the null hypothesis of no connection between time spent watching TV and time spent reading story books is true, how many children watching less than 2 hours of TV and reading more than 2 hours of story books, on average, can we expect? a) 42. 09 b) 155. 25 c) 262. 92 d) 987. 75 ANSWER a TYP E MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 105.Referring to Table 12-13, to test whether there is any relationship between average time spent watching TV and average time spent reading story books, the value of the heedful test statistic is a) -12. 59. b) 1. 61. c) 481. 49. d) 1,368. 06. ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, test statistic 106. Referring to Table 12-13, suppose we want to constrain the probability of committing a Type I error to 5% when testing whether there is any relationship between average time spent watching TV and average time spent reading story books.The critical value will be a) 5. 991. b) 7. 378. c) 12. 592. d) 14. 449. ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, critical value 107. Referring to Table 12-13, we want to test whether there is any relationship between average time spent watching TV and average time spent reading story books. Suppose the value of the test statistic was 164 (which is not the correct answer) and the critical value was 19. 00 (which is not the correct answer), then we could conclude that a) there is a connection between time spent reading story books and time spent watching TV. ) there is no connection between time spent reading story books and time spent watching TV. c) more time spent reading story books leads to less time spent watching TV. d) more time spent watching TV leads to less time spent reading story books. ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, decision, conclusion TABLE 12-14 Recent studies have found that American children are more obese than in the past. The amount of time children spend watching television has received much of the blame.A survey of 100 ten-year-olds revealed the following with regards to weights and average number of hours a day spent watching television. We are interested in testing whether the average number of hours spent watching TV and weights are independent at 1% level of significance. Weights TV Hours Total 0-3 3-6 6+ More than 10 lbs. verweight 1 9 20 30 Within 10 lbs. of normal weight 20 15 15 50 More than 10 lbs. underweight 10 5 5 20 Total 31 29 40 100 108.Referring to Table 12-14, if there is no connection between weights and average number of hours spent watching TV, we should expect how many children to be spending 3-6 hours, on average, watching TV and are more than 10 lbs. underweight? a) 5 b) 5. 8 c) 6. 2 d) 8 ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 109. Referring to Table 12-14, if there is no connection between weights and average number of hours spent watching TV, we should expect how many children to be spending no more than 6 hours, on average, watching TV and are more than 10 lbs. nderweight? a) 5. 8 b) 6. 2 c) 8 d) 12 ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of indepen dence, contingency table, properties 110. Referring to Table 12-14, how many children in the survey spend more than 6 hours watching TV and are more than 10 lbs. overweight? a) 1 b) 9 c) 20 d) 40 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 111. Referring to Table 12-14, how many children in the survey spend no more than 6 hours watching TV and are more than 10 lbs. underweight? a) 5 ) 10 c) 15 d) 20 ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, contingency table, properties 112. Referring to Table 12-14, the value of the test statistic is a) 8. 532. b) 15. 483. c) 18. 889. d) 69. 744. ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, test statistic 113. Referring to Table 12-14, the critical value of the test will be a) 6. 635. b) 13. 277. c) 14. 860. d) 21. 666. ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, critical value 114.Referring to Table 12-14, suppose the value of the test statistic was 30. 00 (which is not the correct value) and the critical value at 1% level of significance was 10. 00 (which is not the correct value), which of the following conclusions would be correct? a) We will accept the null and conclude that the average number of hours spent watching TV and weights are independent. b) We will reject the null and conclude that the average number of hours spent watching TV and weights are independent. c) We will accept the null and conclude that the average number of hours spent watching TV and weights are not independent. ) We will reject the null and conclude that the average number of hours spent watching TV and weights are not independent. ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, decision, conclusion 115. Referring to Table 12-14, which of the following statements is correct? a) We can accept the null for any level of significance greater than 0. 005 b) We ca n reject the null for any level of significance greater than 0. 005. c) We can accept the null for any level of significance smaller than 0. 005 d) We can reject the null for any level of significance smaller than 0. 05. ANSWER b TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Difficult KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, decision 116. Referring to Table 12-14, the degrees of freedom of the test statistic are a) 1. b) 2. c) 4. d) 9. ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, degrees of freedom 117. True or False Referring to Table 12-14, the test is always a one-tailed test. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test of independence, properties Table 12-15 According to an article in Marketing News, fewer checks are being written at grocery store checkout stands than in the past.To determine whether there is a difference in the proportion of shoppers who stipendiary by check over triad consecutive years at a 0. 05 level of significance, the results of a s urvey of 500 shoppers during three consecutive years are obtained and presented below. Year Check Written Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Yes 225 175 125 No 275 325 375 118.Referring to Table 12-15, what is the expected number of shoppers who compensable by check in year 1 if there was no difference in the proportion of shoppers who paid by check over the three years? ANSWER 175 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, properties 119. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the expected number of shoppers who did not pay by check in year 3 if there was no difference in the proportion of shoppers who paid by check over the three years? ANSWER 325 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, properties 20. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the form of the null hypothesis? a) pic b) pic c) pic d) pic ANSWER a TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, forms of hypothesis 121. Referring t o Table 12-15, what is the form of the alternative hypothesis? a) pic b) pic c) pic d) pic not all pic are the same ANSWER d TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, forms of hypothesis 122. True or False Referring to Table 12-15, the assumptions needed to perform the test are satisfied. ANSWERTrue TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, assumption 123. Referring to Table 12-15, what are the degrees of freedom of the test statistic? ANSWER 2 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Easy KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, degrees of freedom 124. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the value of the test statistic? ANSWER 43. 96 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, test statistic 125. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the critical value? ANSWER 5. 99 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY EasyKEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, critical value 126. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the p-value of the test statistic? ANSWER 2. 9E-10 or smaller than 0. 005 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, p-value 127. True or False Referring to Table 12-15, the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, decision 128. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the correct conclusion? a) There is enough evidence that the proportions are all different in the 3 years. ) There is not enough evidence that the proportions are all different in the 3 years. c) There is enough evidence that at least two of the proportions are not equal. d) There is not enough evidence that at least two of the proportions are not equal. ANSWER c TYPE MC DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, conclusion 129. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the value of the critical tell for the Marascuilo procedure to test for the dif ference in proportions between year 1 and year 2 using a 0. 05 level of significance? ANSWER 0. 0754 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY DifficultKEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Marascuilo procedure, critical value 130. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the value of the critical range for the Marascuilo procedure to test for the difference in proportions between year 1 and year 3 using a 0. 05 level of significance? ANSWER 0. 0722 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Difficult KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Marascuilo procedure, critical range 131. Referring to Table 12-15, what is the value of the critical range for the Marascuilo procedure to test for the difference in proportions between year 2 and year 3 using a 0. 5 level of significance? ANSWER 0. 0705 TYPE PR DIFFICULTY Difficult KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Marascuilo procedure, critical value 132. True or False Referring to Table 12-15, there is sufficient evidence to conclude that t he proportions between year 1 and year 2 are different at a 0. 05 level of significance. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Marascuilo procedure, decision, conclusion 133.True or False Referring to Table 12-15, there is not sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportions between year 1 and year 3 are different at a 0. 05 level of significance. ANSWER False TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Marascuilo procedure, decision, conclusion 134. True or False Referring to Table 12-15, there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportions between year 2 and year 3 are different at a 0. 05 level of significance. ANSWER True TYPE TF DIFFICULTY Moderate KEYWORDS chi-square test for difference in proportions, Marascuilo procedure, decision conclusion