Augustines Confessions Essays - 1099 Words

Augustines Confessions The content of my paper will be an analysis of Augustine’s Confessions. I will focus on the first nine chapters of the book. First, I will write an introductory page about Augustine. Second, I will explain why Augustine wrote the Confessions and the importance of the Confessions as a philosophical work. I will analyze Augustine’s view of God and show the main theme of his book, which is, the sovereign God of grace and the sovereign grace of God. I will focus on Augustine’s view of God and His grace. Augustine was born Aurelius Augustinus on November 13, 354 in North Africa. He received a classical Latin education and went to study rhetoric at the age of twelve in Madaura. He later studied at Cathrage†¦show more content†¦The Confessions is divided into thirteen books. I will focus my analysis on the first ten books, which are his autobiography. The other three books are important but they do not have to do with his life story. The book expresses three main concerns. One is Augustine’s frank and detailed acknowledgment of his personal sinfulness and the power he came to recognize as God’s provident grace—protective, creative, salvific—in every moment of his life. He also wrote in order to confess his own Christian faith and clearly repudiate any supposed lingering connections on his part with Manichaeism. Finally, The Confessions are a heartfelt paean of praise and thanksgiving in honor of God’s glory. Augustine begins his autobiography with a prayer and meditation. This is fitting because the main theme of The Confessions is to praise and thank God. He begins by saying that God has, â€Å"made us and drawn us to yourself, and our heart is unquiet until it rests in you.† This is a very good point because it is a reflection of Augustine’s struggle to find piece with himself. Throughout the rest of the book Augustine is constantly changing his beliefs an d looking for the truth, his heart is restless. And it is not until he finds the Catholic faith and has his conversion that he finds piece. Augustine like all philosophers is a lover of truth. He is unsure how he should call upon the Lord (3). He points out that it is his faith,Show MoreRelated Augustines Confessions Paper1340 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one reads the word confessions, one would not necessarily associate it with the word narrative. Confessions seem to be more of something stated directly without any story-like element. They are also a more personal thing- one does not simply put them in a story form unless purposely intending to do so, because usually it is something that expresses guilt for something personal or is between the author and their conscience (or perhaps to themselves). However, there can always be an exceptionRead MoreComparing St. Augustines Confessions And Confucius1065 Words   |  5 PagesWednesday 7-8:15am 8 November 2017 History Term Paper Both St. Augustine’s Confessions and Confucius’s Analects are influential teachings that have a vast influence on people around the world in the ancient time and currently. Both doctrines discuss ethical values of society back during the time they were written and leads us to find some similarities between the two. There are substantial distinctions between Confucius and St. Augustine’s experiences and beliefs since they are living in different environmentsRead MoreAugustine’s Conception of Sin in Confessions 1700 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper I will write about Augustine and his thoughts and ideas on sin in the Confessions, where sin originates and whether or not I believe that Augustine’s conception of sin has a place in modern society. From all of this I will conclude that through Augustines work and findings, Augustine’s conception of the human person and their human actions are somewhat relevant today, due to the fact Augustine set a standard for what human nature is, known as the ability to desire, think and do, yetRead MoreEssay on Analysis of St. Augustine’s Confessions1927 Words   |  8 PagesSt. Augustine’s Confessions St. Augustine is a man with a rational mind. As a philosopher, scholar, and teacher of rhetoric, he is trained in and practices the art of logical thought and coherent reasoning. The pursuits of his life guide him to seek concrete answers to specific questions. Religion, the practice of which relies primarily on faith—occasionally blind faith—presents itself as unable to be penetrated by any sort of scientific study or inquiry. Yet, like a true scientist andRead MoreAugustine’s Journey to the Truth in The Confessions of St. Augustine952 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Confessions by Saint Augustine, this great philosopher experiences many problems and emotions related to sin and evil. As a boy, he often felt darkness, blindness, and confusion while attempting to find rest in God. Augustine started out in childhood with a restless heart because he had to live in two different worlds. These worlds consisted of his mother’s Christian faith, and the world of everything else. These two worlds confused and disturbed Augustine as a child. Augustine’s father wasRead More Excessive of Self-restraint in Saint Augustine’s Confessions1686 Words   |  7 PagesExcessive of Self-restraint in Saint Augustine’s Confessions When it comes to renunciation, no pain, no gain is what Ive slowly, reluctantly, inexorably come to believe. And when Pete opted for scholarly monkhood, I think he was just trying to outsmart his pain. . . . Hed calculated that by considering the physical world illusory and burying his nose in metaphysical texts he could go on doing something comfortable--while his ignorance and sufferings and hometown and troublesome familyRead MoreEssay on Love and Duty in Virgil’s Aeneid and Augustine’s Confessions1589 Words   |  7 PagesIn his Confessions, Augustine relates that, in his school years, he was required to read Virgil’s Aeneid. The ill-fated romance of Aeneas and Dido produced such an emotional effect on him. Augustine says that Virgil’s epic caused him to forget his own â€Å"wanderings† (Augustine 1116). He wept over Dido’s death, but remained â€Å"dry-eyed to [his] own pitiful state† (Augustine 1116 – 7). Augustine later rejects literature and theater because he believes that they distract the soul from God. 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Since these four concepts are contradictory, one of them must be rejected. Thus, St. Augustine argues that evil does not exist. I find St. Augustineâ⠂¬â„¢s explanation to be satisfying. InRead MoreHistorical Writings Of The Early Middle Ages : Origins And Development Of Early Biographies And Hagiographies1835 Words   |  8 PagesCE) to the early middle ages the origins and development of early biographies and hagiographies were beginning to occur and transform. In this essay, I will argue how and why people wrote biographical writings by referring to the works of Augustine’s Confessions, Einhard’s Life of Charlemagne and the hagiography, Perpetua. First of all, it is important to remember that biographical writings at first were regarded as a mere way of writing down history. Focusing on one individual’s life events

Impact of Death on a Relationship Explored in Home Burial...

Robert Frosts Home Burial is a tragic poem about a young life cut short and the breakdown of a marriage and family. The poem is considered to be greatly inspired and spurred by the Frosts loss of their first child to cholera at age 3 (Romano 2). The complex relationship between husband and wife after their childs death is explored in detail and is displayed truthfully. Among many others, the range of emotions exhibited includes grief, isolation, acceptance, and rejection. The differences in the characters emotions and reactions are evident. The husband and wife in Robert Frosts Home Burial react to their sons death in stereotypical fashion and interact with each other with difficulty and resistance. As the wife weeps†¦show more content†¦He sees death not as a final event but only as a small step in a journey. By doing this, he is able to keep the memory of his son alive. Just as those who were in the graveyard previously still are, his son is also a part of the family. The ability of the father to carry on with life after his sons death is one part of the stereotype that pertains to the male figure. The male character is suppose to be someone who does not cry, someone who is full of inner strength and is the central rock for all those around him in a time of crisis. The husband in Home Burial fulfills these requirements. After the burial, he continues on with his daily chores and attends to the various needs of the farm. These actions are not ones of denial but acceptance. He knows that he and his wife must carry on with their lives after an appropriate period of mourning is over. Understandably, his vision of the length of that time period is considerably shorter than his wifes. He understands that life is for the living and not for the dead. He understands that his son is dead. He also understands that he cannot force these views on his wife, because she must come to her own conclusions and find her own closure to her sons death. The mothers road to finding closure over her sons death is much longer than her husbands. Her feelings throughout the poem are ofShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesComponents of Attitudes? 70 †¢ Does Behavior Always Follow from Attitudes? 71 †¢ What Are the Major Job Attitudes? 73 Job Satisfaction 78 Measuring Job Satisfaction 79 †¢ How Satisfied Are People in Their Jobs? 80 †¢ What Causes Job Satisfaction? 81 †¢ The Impact of Satisfied and Dissatisfied Employees on the Workplace 82 Summary and Implications for Managers 88 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Satisfied Am I with My Job? 70 CONTENTS ix S A L An Ethical Choice Do Employers Owe WorkersRead MoreHemp Cultivation in China42289 Words   |  170 PagesInternational Hemp Association Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Cultivation in the Tai an District of Shandong Province, Peoples Republic of China Robert C. Clarke Naturetex International B.V. Van Diemenstraat 192 1013 CP Amsterdam The Netherlands Clarke, R.C. 1995. Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Cultivation in the Tai an District of Shandong Province, Peoples Republic of China. Journal of the International Hemp Association 2(2): 57, 60-65. This paper summarizes the history of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivationRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesCorporation (B) 566 Photolite Corporation (C) 569 Photolite Corporation (D) 574 First Security Bank of Cleveland Jackson Industries 583 580 16 TIME MANAGEMENT 587 Time Management Exercise 589 17 INDUSTRY SPECIFIC: CONSTRUCTION 613 Robert L. Frank Construction Company The Lyle Construction Project 652 615 Con tents ix Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited: Hongkong Bank Headquarters (A) 635 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited: Hongkong Bank

The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 14 Free Essays

string(44) " one that had fun and laughed all the time\." Micha We end up racing home. I let her win, even though I’d love to have the favor, which would include lots of dirty things that she’s not ready for. So now I owe her a favor and she tells me she has to think about it, with this little tease in her voice that makes me grin. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now We part ways at our houses and she leaves me with the promise she’ll try to come over later tonight. She’s slowly changing back into the girl I know, although that night still haunts her eyes, but I’m not sure she’ll ever really get over it completely. It’s still raining and lightning like hell, which means the party’s going to have to take place inside. Ethan and I drag the wet keggers inside and stand them on the kitchen table. There’s a note tacked on the wall from my mom, telling me she’s going to be home late. Ethan starts rummaging through the cupboards for some food. â€Å"What band’s playing?† â€Å"Naomi’s.† I head to my room to change and get my guitar. â€Å"Answer the door if anyone knocks.† In my room, I tug on a grey t-shirt and pull a black pin-striped shirt over it. I slip on a pair of black jeans and put on a studded belt. Then I grab my guitar and text Naomi. Me: When u planning on heading over?† Naomi: Soon. Why? You waiting on us to tell us some super exciting news. Me: I haven’t decided yet. Naomi: Don’t turn it down. It’s a great opportunity. Me: I’m not sayin yes or no. See u in a bit. When Naomi took me backstage at the coffeehouse, she first proposed the idea that I should replace their guitarist and hit the road with them. At first, I was all for it. It’s what I’ve wanted to do since I was twelve and rocked out with Ethan and Dean in the garage. But then I thought back to Ella’s sad eyes and doubts washed over me. The doorbell rings and I head to the living room to get the party started and clear my head for one night. Ella By the time I decide to go over to Micha’s, things are already getting out of hand. Cars are parked on the lawn, and garbage cans are tipped over. Someone’s even sitting on the roof. Lila talks me into going and we run up the driveway with our arms over our heads to shield our hair from the rain, but the crowded foyer overwhelms me and I start to back out. â€Å"Stop being a baby and go in there,† she says, giving me a gentle shove forward. â€Å"I want to see the tough girl everyone keeps talking about.† â€Å"No, you don’t. Trust me,† I tell her. â€Å"She was mean and she would have never been friends with you.† â€Å"Okay, then show me a happy medium.† She has a dark blue, strapless dress on that matches her shoes and her blonde hair rests on her shoulders in curls, which have slipped loose because of the rain. â€Å"You can change yourself without losing your identity completely.† I turn away from the crowd toward her. â€Å"Why have we never talked like this before?† She smiles sadly. â€Å"Because you would never let us.† She says something else, but the music stifles her words. I fan the smoke from my face and step into the kitchen. Holding the bottom of my black skirt, I maneuver through the crowd toward the table. I lose Lila for a moment, but when the crowd thins, Lila stumbles out, stomping on a guy’s foot with her high heel. She curses, fussing with her hair. â€Å"Has Micha ever heard of a little thing called air conditioning?† â€Å"He probably forgot to turn it on!† I shout over the music. â€Å"Wait here. I’ll go turn it up.† I squeeze through the crowd toward the living room and the band. The music is deafening and I realize it’s Micha playing with Naomi. They’re sharing the microphone and he looks like he’s enjoying himself. I stop in the middle of the room and watch him from the crowd. He’s gorgeous under the light with his hair hanging in his eyes as he spills out his lyrics to people and strums on the guitar. I back through the room and into the hall. There’s a couple making out in front of the thermostat. The music quiets down and then starts up again as I gently guide them over and they move out of my way without breaking their lips from each other. Fanning my face, I turn up the cold air. Suddenly, long arms encircle my waist and the scent of him fills my chest. â€Å"I thought you were playing,† I yell over the music with my hand pressed to my heart. â€Å"I was, but I took a break to see you.† His breath smells like beer. I scrunch up my nose. â€Å"Are you drunk?† â€Å"I’ve only had one beer,† he says. â€Å"I’m just excited to see you.† â€Å"And to be playing again,† I state. His smile is huge and it makes me happy for a moment. â€Å"Yeah, that too. I saw you watching me.† I shrug, playing it off. â€Å"I’m glad you’re happy. You looked sad earlier at the drive-in.† His hand finds my hip and he grips it tightly, sending heat through my body. â€Å"I’m even happier now that you’re here.† I relax against the wall. â€Å"You know I’ve heard you use that pickup line on girls before, right?† â€Å"Come on, let me have some fun with you,† he begs with a tease in his voice. â€Å"Pretend like you don’t know any of my moves.† â€Å"You want me to pretend like I’m someone else?† I question. â€Å"Haven’t you been telling me to do the opposite?† The reflection of the light dances in his eyes as he leans forward and wisps of his hair brush my cheek. â€Å"Just be the girl I used to know. The one that had fun and laughed all the time. You read "The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 14" in category "Essay examples"† â€Å"That girl would have never pretended with you, even if you requested her to.† â€Å"I know that.† His other hand finds my waist and his body slants toward me. Glancing from left to right, I slide my hands up his firm chest and link them around his neck. Then I pull myself onto him and hitch my legs around his waist. His expression is stoic, but he lets out a growl and his lips come down hard on mine. Our chests press together as he thrusts his body into me. Our tongues connect, feeling each other thoroughly. My back is pressed into the thermostat and my skirt barely covers the top of my thighs. My head falls back against the wall as he trails kisses down my neck. My breathing is rapid and so is my pulse. What is he doing to me? The music stops and Naomi’s voice rises over the speakers. â€Å"Micha Scott, get your ass back up here and play right now.† Micha pulls away, breathless. â€Å"I have one more song to play and then you and I are going to pick right back up with this.† Before I can answer, he leaves me in the hall. Touching my lips, I watch him weave back to the stage, knowing if he does pick it up, I’m not going to be able to stop it this time. Struggling with the loss of control over my own body, I wander back into the kitchen. Lila’s over by the cooler, sipping on a drink and talking to Ethan. Straightening my shoulders, I march up to the counter and pour myself a drink. Lila and Ethan’s eyes are on me as I knock it back. The alcohol burns my throat as I slam the cup down on the counter. â€Å"Who’s up for a game of quarters?† *** Two hours and three shots later, I’m feeling pretty good. The band has finished playing and Micha has joined our game at the table. â€Å"Sail† by AWOLNATION beats through the stereo, soft lyrics and a sultry rhythm and it takes me back to another time. â€Å"I think I’m going to go dance,† I announce to the table. â€Å"Ah ha, I knew you secretly liked to dance.† Lila slams her hand down on the table and then hiccups. â€Å"Oh, excuse me.† Ethan laughs at her like she’s the cutest thing in the world. â€Å"Are you reaching your limit little girl?† Lila narrows her eyes impishly at Ethan. â€Å"I’m not the one who missed the last three shots.† He replies with a comeback, but I don’t hear it as I rise from my chair anxious to dance. Micha watches me inquisitively as I make a path through the crowd. Faceless people bead with sweat and the air smells like salt and is lit with desirable heat. The farther I descend into the crowd the hotter it gets. By the time I’m in the center, my skin is damp with sweat and the thin fabric of my strapless shirt is sticking to my back. There’s a darkness inside my chest, like the devil hidden inside me is about to make a grand appearance. I raise my hands and sway my hips, letting my hair fall down my shoulders and back. I breathe freely, just like I use to. The more the music plays, the more relaxed I become. My head falls from side to side and my eyelids drift shut. I feel someone move up behind me and they smell of desire mingled with an earthy scent and something mouthwatering. Micha places his hands on my hips, his hands domineering. He nearly melts me as he spreads his fingers around my waist and presses his body against mine, wanting as much of me as he can get. â€Å"I thought you didn’t dance anymore,† he whispers in a feral voice, his warm breath touching every part of me. I lean back into him, comfortable, and breathe in his familiar scent. â€Å"I guess I’m a liar.† â€Å"You didn’t use to be.† He sweeps my hair to the side and implores our bodies closer as he moves with me. Through the fabric of our clothes, I feel the heat radiating off him like the sun. â€Å"In fact, you used to be the most honest person I knew.† I slant my head back against his chest. â€Å"I know, and I’m working on getting it back.† â€Å"Good, I’m glad.† His hands slide down my hips and don’t stop until they reach the hem of my skirt. â€Å"Weren’t you and I supposed to finish what we started in the hall?† I start to pull away, but he intensifies his embrace and restrains me against him so we’re bonded in every way possible. I feel the hardness of his chest and the heat emitting off every single God damn part of him. It makes me want to moan. â€Å"You’re fucking driving me crazy. You know that?† He whispers through a groan as his fingers slip underneath the side of my skirt and up my thighs. â€Å"I want you, pretty girl. Badly.† He’s not lying. His desire is pressed up against the back of my waist. I should stop him†¦ He’s practically got his hand up my dress and we’re surrounded by a ton of people, but I give in to him, subsiding in his arms, and let his fingers inch higher up my skirt. Slowly, he kisses my skin, before parting his lips and nipping my neck, sucking, tasting, driving my body mad. His other hand wanders upward on the outside of my shirt and over the curve of my breast. I practically come undone in his arms. Without warning, I turn around, slipping out of his grip. I secure my arms around his neck. His eyes darken as he welds our bodies back together. My head falls back, allowing him access as I put my weight into his lean arms. He holds me tightly, tracking kisses down the hollow of my neck, licking my collar bone, delving lower and lower as his hand sneaks for the bottom of my skirt again and the palm of his hand caresses the back of my thigh. He groans, cupping the back of my head with his other hand, then suddenly he pulls away. â€Å"How drunk are you?† I glance from left to right like there’s an answer hidden in the crowd. â€Å"I don’t know.† He sighs and drags his fingers through his hair. â€Å"You’re killing me, you know that?† â€Å"I’m sorry.† I pout. He laughs and directs me back over to the table. â€Å"Go meet up with Lila and I’ll be there in a bit, okay.† â€Å"Why? Where are you going?† I ask. He rubs his hand across his face and lets out a breathy laugh. â€Å"I have to go take care of some business.† We part ways and I go back to the kitchen like he told me. Lila’s eyes are accusing as I sit down at the table. I try not to smile, but I’m too intoxicated to care. â€Å"Look at you,† Lila says. â€Å"All smiley.† I start to say something, but spot Micha talking to Naomi in the middle of the crowd. She laughs at something he says and then the two of them head toward the hall where his bedroom is. I guess that was the business he had to take care of. I get up from the table and without another word I run outside into the rain. Micha Ella is killing me tonight. I’ve got a hard on so bad, it’s probably going to take an hour in an ice-cold shower to calm me down and she’s drunk, so I can’t take it any further. I head back to my room, to take care of the problem myself, when Naomi meets up with me. She waves her finger at me and then laughs. â€Å"You and I need to talk.† â€Å"I still haven’t decided!† I shout over the music. She takes me by the arm and tugs me down the hall, bumping people out of the way until we reach my room. She shuts the door and flips on the light. â€Å"Alright, please explain to me why it’s so hard to make the decision about something you’ve always wanted to do?† â€Å"I’d rather not.† She throws her hands in the air, exasperatedly. â€Å"I don’t get you. All you used to talk about in high school was playing in a band on the road.† â€Å"I still do,† I say. â€Å"But I’m not sure if I can leave people behind. Her face relaxes and her hands fall to her side. â€Å"I actually get that. I was worried to leave my dad alone, but I talked to him and explained why and you know what? He understood.† â€Å"Mine’s more complicated, Naomi.† I sit down on the bed, wishing she’d leave. â€Å"It’s not just my mom I’m worried about.† She sits down on the bed beside me and crosses her legs. â€Å"It’s because of Ella.† â€Å"Fuck, am I that obvious,† I say. â€Å"Because I always thought I was subtle.† She snorts a laugh. â€Å"You’ve never been subtle. And it’s not just you. It’s both of you. But you know what, you can’t center you’re life around one girl. You gotta move on and live life the way you want to.† She doesn’t get it. â€Å"Yeah, let’s not talk about this.† â€Å"Alright.† She holds her hands up. â€Å"Sorry, I’ll let you be. I just wanted to give you something to think about.† She pats me on the knee before heading out into the hall. Once the door shuts, I fall back onto my bed. Maybe she’s right. Maybe it is time to let go of her. â€Å"Fuck.† I need resolution. My eyes wander toward Ella’s house. It is dark, except for one light. The bathroom where her mother died. That light hasn’t been on for eight months. Why is it on now? How to cite The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 14, Essay examples

Internship Duties Mid Report Free Samples â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Describe the internship duties and responsibilities Illustrate specific knowledge and skills learned/developed in the internship Analyze how the internship duties relate to ITU coursework and/or program of study Assess future areas for learning and student hat the internship experience helped to identify. Answer: Introduction This report is about the internship learning that I had combined under a number of heads as detailed in the requirements of the mid-term report. Describe the internship duties and responsibilities This internship was in a company called Qverge, my role was aligned to the Business Analysis team. The role comprised understanding of the complete SDLC process flow and perform a through root cause analysis. My role thus comprised gathering business and technical requirements. The project assigned to me was related to the healthcare industry and I had to study the details of Affordable Care Act and Medicare to apply in the application execution and better understanding of the clients needs. I also played the role of supporting the business team in reviewing the date source changes mapping support documents and monitoring processes. Apart from this I was assisting the business and compliance team to execute the test scripts record data analysis reports and discrepancies if any along the way. This required a through gap analysis of the requirements and application. Illustrate specific knowledge and skills learned/developed in the internship My internship not only provided me a platform to learn how a business team operates in the information technology business but also led to an execution of all the theoretical concepts that I learnt during my classes. My project applied the SDLC model and seeing the execution of the same in real time was great learning curve for me. Apart from this it led to personal growth since I understood how the relationship between employee and supervisor can be managed through better communication. I also learnt how client relationships can be handled. Thus I learnt majorly how to fit into the culture of a company and how its culture effects an employees persona. Analyze how the internship duties relate to ITU coursework and/or program of study My coursework and assignments here in ITU were came in as a great support when I looked at my internship duties which were given day to day. My understanding of SDLC models helped a lot in project execution. Also the understanding of project management techniques led to a better understanding of handling the support and development team while matching the client expectations. I clearly gained a lot from classroom study as well as regular assignments that were given from time to time. These assignments were of major help since they came very close to the real time experience that I had during my internship. Assess future areas for learning and student that the internship experience helped to identify The future avenues of learning for me are Agile based project executions. I would also like to delve deeper in Six Sigma and understand the intricacies of the same. I would also like to do some certifications on the same, an example of the Six Sigma Green Belt and Black Belt programs. Thus a better understanding of concepts in general can be extremely helpful which an upcoming and recognized by the industry in particular. The other issue is related to the understanding of better management efficiencies in business context.

The Synthesis And Characterization Of Ferrocene Essays -

The Synthesis and Characterization of Ferrocene A Modern Iterative Approach to a Classical Organometallic Laboratory Experiment Pamela S. Tanner, Gennady Dantsin, Stephen M. Gross, Alistair J. Lees, Clifford E. Myers, M. Stanley Whittingham and Wayne E. Jones, Jr. [1] State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902 (Funded by the National Science Foundation) (Submitted to J. Chemical Education) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Since ferrocene is credited with the rapid acceleration of modern organotransition metal chemistry (1,2) and the cyclopentadienyl group is extensively used as a stabilizing ligand, it is only fitting that the synthesis of ferrocene be incorporated into an advanced undergraduate inorganic laboratory. In our four credit course, the students work in pairs and have the opportunity to select six experiments from a total of nine. Three of these experiments must be selected from the area of materials chemistry and the topics include the synthesis of anhydrous CrCl3, a high temperature superconductor, the ZSM-5 zeolite and the lithium intercalation of WO3. Three wet experiments are also selected. These include the synthesis of W(CO)4, metal complexes of DMSO, a tris(bipyridyl)ruthenium complex, ferrocene, and the acetylation of ferrocene. If ferrocene is selected, it must be done in conjunction with the acetylation of ferrocene and these labs make up two of the three wet labs that are done b y the student. Each lab incorporates an open ended question that the student may answer with the aid of library research or CAChe molecular modeling software with the Project Leader extension. This iterative approach builds confidence in the students ability to explore the unknown and reinforces the basic idea of the scientific method. The ferrocene synthesis has been an extremely successful and popular selection. The students enjoy the diverse technical skills acquired during this experiment. These are techniques that a student may not be introduced to again as an undergraduate and include the use of air-less glassware while working on a vacuum line, cyclic voltammetry, bulk electrolysis, thin-layer and column chromatography. In addition, the compounds are characterized by standard methods such as melting point determination, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Experiments Preparation of Ferrocene Ferrocene is synthesized with a modification of the preparation reported by Jolly (3). The yield in the reported synthesis was 93% (3). Cyclopentadiene undergoes a 4+2 cycloaddition to form dicyclopentadiene. For this reason, cyclopentadiene is usually purified before use. Dicyclopentadiene boils at 170C and cyclopentadiene boils at 42.5 C. For efficiency, the dicyclopentadiene dimer is thermally cracked using a fractional distillation apparatus in advance by the teaching assistant. While this is usually done on the day of the experiment, we have found that cyclopentadiene may be stored without significant dimerization in a foil covered container in a freezer for several days. At the beginning of the lab period, the students grind KOH in a mortar and quickly transfer it to a tared vial. KOH is hygroscopic and should be ground in small portions (2 g). A nitrogen glove bag is a worthwhile investment for this step in the procedure. In addition to protecting the students from the corrosi ve KOH, it ensures that the KOH is dry. The FeCl2.4H20 will also go into solution more effectively if it is finely ground. It is then placed in a tared vial. The pre-weighed KOH (15 g) is placed in a 100 mL (14/20) three-neck round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar. 1,2-Dimethoxyethane (30 mL) is added with stirring to the KOH. One side of the neck is stoppered and the other is connected to a vacuum line through a gas adapter. While the mixture is slowly stirred and the flask is being purged with a stream of nitrogen, the cyclopentadiene (2.75 mL) is added. The resulting solution is rose colored. The main neck is then fitted with a pressure equalizing dropping funnel (25 mL) with its stopcock open. In a second one neck round bottom flask that is fitted with a septum, FeCl2.4H20 (3.25 g) and DMSO (12.5 mL) are stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the FeCl2.4H20. After about five minutes, the stopcock is closed and the FeCl2 solution is added to the pressure equalizing dropping funnel. The reaction mixture in the three-neck flask is stirred vigorously and the purging with nitrogen is continued. After about ten minutes, the stopper is placed

rainbow essays

rainbow essays Rainbows A rainbow is one of our atmospheres most exquisite and marvelous creations; "one of the most spectacular light shows observed on earth" (Ahrens, 1998). When a person views a rainbow, they are getting a personal light show that no other person can see as they do. Humphreys points out that: "Since the rainbow is a special distribution of colors (produced in a particular way) with reference to a definite point - the eye of the observer - and as no single distribution can be the same for two separate points, it follows that two observers do not, and cannot, see the same rainbow." (Humphreys, 1929). Of course, a camera lens will record an image of a rainbow which can then be seen my many people (Lynds, 1995). A rainbow is essentially made up of seven brilliant colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet; moreover, it is comprised of many coloration that the eyes cannot see. No painter can manufacture the colors of the rainbow, for they create color by mixing, but no mixing will give red, green, or purple. These are the colors of the rainbow, though between the red and the green an orange color is often seen (Aristotle, 350 BC). To understand how the awesome production of a rainbow occurs is a feat of physics and mathematics. The two most important ingredients are light and drops of water. The manner and position in which the light and water droplets transverse, and the reactions between the two, are complex formulas of nature. Additionally, certain circumstances make it possible for a rainbow to occur. You cannot have a rainbow without some source of light. It is possible to create an artificial rainbow utilizing artificial light, but for this paper, I will only use instances and circumstances of naturally occurring light which produce naturally occurring rainbows. The sun is natures primary source of rainbow creating light; however, occasionally, the light of the moon can produce a rainbow. For a lunar...

Optimal Cognitive Development With the Help of Play Research Paper

Optimal Cognitive Development With the Help of Play - Research Paper Example A potential example of learning according to Piaget’s theory is in a kindergarten classroom. It is noteworthy here that in the kindergarten classroom, children are in the preoperational stage in which, they are egocentric. When a teacher in the kindergarten classroom asks the students to discuss their activity when it snows outside, different children share different thoughts; some might say that they like to make snowmen while others might say that they like making snow angels. None of these responses can be regarded as incorrect because these responses are grounded in children’s personal experiences of being outside in the snow. Such a discussion in the kindergarten classroom helps the children visualize and realize different activities that can be performed out in the snow with the information provided by their fellow classmates. Children in the kindergarten classroom think that the only correct answer to the teacher’s question is theirs since they are egocent ric. It is extremely important to realize different ways of employing the theories of cognitive development. Teachers can use Piaget’s cognitive theory of play in the kindergarten classroom to help the students become master learners. Major components of Piaget’s theory of play will be evidenced in my classroom through the division of the classroom into different centres or sections, each for a different type of play, as well as one where different types of plays can be organized in combination. For example, children will be given musical instruments like pianos and guitars to play.

Humorous exhumation hypocrisy in Moliere's Tartuffe Essay

Humorous exhumation hypocrisy in Moliere's Tartuffe - Essay Example For an instance, the US involvement in the Iraq War can be described satirically as following: Mr. Bush, the President, along with his whole Army led an enterprise in Iraq to beat in the bush. But what he got there ultimately kept him busy with beating about the bush in America. Finally, the innocent Americans with blood-washed hands raised their voice: â€Å"Mr. Bush! Will you please stop beating around the bush? Now It is time to hear about the truth!† The salient ingredients of satire are humor, criticism and moral tone. The object of satire can be any foul and objectionable idea, concept and practice in either an individual or a group. The main literary tool of satire is the use of both sarcastic and mild ironies, sarcasm, exaggeration, etc. But sarcastic satires often pivot on bitterly cynical denunciation that tends to injure its intellectual brilliance. For example, if one says, â€Å"Once upon a time, in Iraq the Americans would chop the tender Iraqi boys and girls and prepared the dishes for the leaders†. This line is not satirical; rather it is sarcastic because it lacks humor as well as wit. Yet a satire can refer to some socially acknowledged taboos such as obscene sexuality, invectives against religion, etc. Griffin Dustin defines satire as following: Satire is a wit contest, a kind of game in which the participants do their worst for the pleasure of themselves and their spectators. . . . If the exchange of insults is serious on one side, playful on the other, the satiric element is reduced. (Dustin 23) Indeed a satire attacks foolishness, follies, vices, wrongs, etc by making fun of them wittily. Moliere’s â€Å"Tartuffe† is such a successful satire that humorously criticizes the religious hypocrisy during the latter half of the Seventeenth Century. Moliere has declared the moral purpose of the play in bold line in the preface of the play: â€Å"distinguish clearly the character of the hypocrite from that of the truly devout man† (Moliere 2). On the surface level, he depicts Tartuffe as a devoutly religious character. But the underlying message of the play is that Tartuffe is ultimately a fraud under the religious apparel. Obviously in the play, the object of his satire is to criticize the late seventeenth century religious hypocrisy with humor and wit. The most remarkable passage that is significant for its role in the satire as a whole is as following: Your husband? Why concern about that rube? He drinks in every story like a boob! If he caught us, en flagra nte, that dull lout, He'd offer up to God a joyful shout! And even when he realized, that clown, He'd chastise you, be careful of your gown! (Act IV Scene V) This passage -in fact, one of Tartuffe’s speeches- is the most precious part of the satire as a whole. Its satirical role is double-folds. On one hand, it exhumes the filthy nature of Tartuffe before his most devout follower, Oregon, who is hiding beneath the table. Indeed such exhumation of Tartuffe’s fraudulence before his most obedient devotee significantly refers to the witty and humorous exhumation of the hypocrisy of Moliere’s contemporary religious institution. On the other hand, it criticizes the blind faith of Oregon, generally the commoners while evoking the convulsion of laughter of the audience. Obviously Oregon stands for the death of common sense that is an essential part of a satire. At the beginning of the play he has been fooled by Tartuffe and remains befooled till this episode. Therefore this passage also contains the moral and pedagogic part of Moliere’s satire. Here Moliere opens Oregon’s as well as the audience’s eyes. In this passage, it is as clear as broad daylight to both Oregon and the

WA3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

WA3 - Assignment Example Halmann and Steinberg (1) explain that Earth has blanket like atmospheres that prevent heat from the solar radiation directed from the sun to the earth. The authors point out that the atmosphere maintains the temperature of the earth at 15 degrees Celsius. However, without atmosphere, the temperatures would have been lower, approximately -19 degrees Celsius. This fact can be explained clearly from the lower surface temperatures of the moon. The moon has no atmosphere making it inhabitable, unlike the earth. The earth surface is warm due to blanket like atmosphere; the atmosphere is created by gases in the atmosphere of the earth. The gases are referred to as greenhouse gases because their capability to trap heat. Some of the gases behind the earth’s atmosphere are carbon dioxide and water vapor. Other greenhouse gases include nitrous oxide and methane (Greenhouse Effect). Some of the greenhouse gases mentioned above are carbon dioxide and water vapor. Carbon dioxide CO2 as name suggest has a carbon atom and two-oxygen atoms. Two atoms of oxygen are bonded to CO2. As a molecule, all the three atoms are bonded making it easy to absorb energy from the sun inform of infrared radiation. The infrared radiation is absorbed by the molecule and so the molecule vibrates. Vibrating molecule loses the previously absorbed radiation easily which in turn another molecule absorbs it. This goes in the cycle and in the end the infrared radiation is not lost, therefore, the surface of the earth is kept warm. Nitrous oxide, methane and water vapor does the same as carbon dioxide. Their molecules absorb and lose heat because they are loosely bounded to compound atoms (Greenhouse Effect). Greenhouse gases previously in 19th century were seen as natural functioning gases with positive effects. However, in mid 20th-century people became more concern with greenhouse gases due change of climate and increasing temperatures. Some greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide,

The Glass Menagerie Title Meaning

The Glass Menagerie Title Meaning Even though the familys relationship towards one another in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams is both dysfunctional, and questionable you begin to see a deeper meaning to which the title of the story foreshadows. The story begins with the family having supper. As this dinner continues we learn that they are in a single parent household with a mother, Amanda, who is stuck in her youth, a son, Tom, who is trying to separate himself from the dysfunction of his mother, and a daughter, Laura, who has a physical handicap that hinders her from taking part in normal activities including interacting with people. But as the story moves along Laura is somewhat broken out of her shell, Tom moves out, and Amanda develops a closer relationship with her daughter. The title The Glass Menagerie seems to suggest transparency, fragileness, and special attention and care which describe exactly what this family is and needs. Reading the play and basing it in relations to the title it is clear tha t the title has more meaning then meets first glance. Some may argue that the title has no relation what so ever to the play because of things like, who is the mains character? and how the title does not help in defining the underline meaning of the play? These points may very well be true but the question is asked, why is The Glass Menagerie a good title? The glass menagerie is a good title because it leaves a certain mystery to the story, it suggests deeper aspects to the characters in relation to life, and it gives depth to the characters. Â  In the story there is a scene between Tom and Amanda when they are having a confrontation about Tom and where he goes when he leaves home after work. As the argument is escalading Lauras class menagerie breaks. Glass is both fragile and delicate which seems to describe Tom and his mothers relationship, and the breaking of the glass comes at a time when there own relationship cracks. The mystery is why this glass? Why the glass menagerie at this particular time? The suggestive mystery would seem to be the fact they are in some ways like the glass animals and are in cased in a glass case making them venerable, fragile and easily broken. The titles mystery is not just towards the characters weakness, but the mystery of the titles relation to life. It is clear to point out the irrelevance of Amandas Scarlett OHara attitude, toms get away attitude, and Lauras over the top shyness, but there behaviors are not totally irrelevant to real life. At the beginning of the play Tom says I reverse it to that quaint period, the thirties, when the huge middle class of America was matriculating in a school for the blind.(282-83) Tom gave insight to a time period when the economy is struggling due to the great depression. Life in that time was harder, and for Amanda being the only parent in her household it was even tougher. Her reverting back to her past is not at all for fetched or uncommon. Humans tend to go back to happier times in there lives so they are able to cope with the present. All the characters found ways to cope with there situations whether it was skipping school or going to the movies. Lauras defect gave her server introversion that most people suffer from, especially those in her position, and Toms itch to get out of the nes t stems from him getting older and not being able to experience what young men his age do. The weak time period and the fragileness of the economy fit the title and its relevance to life and add a certain depth to each character. The underline meaning of the title helps to add depth to the characters. With out the title the play and its characters would be just that, characters. Because the play uses real life situations it makes it easier to relate to the characters and actually understand each of them. Tom says at the end of the story I didnt go to the moon, I went much further-for time is the longest distance between places.(329) By Tom saying this it shows that these characters are deep and aspire for more then given. By Tom being the narrator he represents all the characters and there insight of how they perceive the world around them. As the play comes to an end you see the characters evolve from being associated from being in a glass case to finding there way out of that enclosure. The Glass Menagerie is no longer a relic or just a title about a glass case, but instead a window into the characters lives. Even through The Glass Menagerie is a great title for such a deep play. Some would not agree that The Glass Menagerie is a good title. Amandas fascination with the past, Lauras inferiority complex (321), and Toms urge to get out is as transparent as the title and is simple as deep as either of the characters get. This could be understood to be true because this family obviously has been this way for quit sometime and there depth cannot be seen pass there ways. Although they seem to not be as deep or as transparent as the title suggest, still there are moments where you are inclined to believe that there is more to them. You see that Amandas reasonings to live in the pass is based on her present and because of that she wants her kids have better lives then she has. Toms unhappiest causes him to write poems, and narrate the play so we are able to understand and know what the familys current situation is about and could find a relation to them and our own lives. Lauras shyness and her b lossoming at the end of the play shows how much more she is as a character and how she is the most important figure in what the title has to do with the play. The more you begin to look out side the box and the more you look at the play for meaning instead of logic the more you see that the title is more interesting then any other title put in its place. Tennessee Williams takes a look into the world of an under class family in the 1930s who have many issue that they may or may not be aware of, and puts it in the fore front so that the readers can feel what these characters feel. He has a mother play both parents because of their broken household and gives her an outlet from her current situation which is recapturing her youth. He brings forth a son who sees his broken family and cannot help or fight the urge to get away so he retreats to watch movies or to drink, and a daughter who is physically handicap and is letting this disability whole her back for becoming the women she should be, and the beauty she should feel. These characters give insight to what is real and ultimately the end to happily ever after. But for this to be bought to anyones attention the title of the story has to be up to pare with what the author is trying to accomplish, and the point that is trying to be proven. Though some argue that choosing The Glass Menage rie as the title of this play gives no meaning to what the plays message truly is, this title makes perfect sense. We are quick to judge what we do not understand therefore to some it would not, but this title goes beyond just words and focus on the meaning. The Glass Menagerie means glass is easily broken, can have cracks, and makes even the tiniest flaws visible, but it can always be repaired. What we see looking in is not whats really going on, but it is what is done to break that glass and let that something out is whats more important.

Essay --

Book Review of January by: Elizabeth Nguyen 8B â€Å"Henry Ford† by Regina Z. Kelly is a non-fiction biography, which follows the life of a clever man born in a town called Greenfield Township, Michigan. This book revolves around Henry’s personal life, his successes, and the problems he faced. Henry was born on July 30, 1863. Over the years, Henry always had a small talent creating and fixing devices. Although he was never the best at literature, he usually found an interest in mechanical things as he grew up. He detested farming, but loved how mechanics worked. In 1879, he decided that he wanted to go work in a mechanic shop in Detroit. He started in the Michigan Car Company, and as the years passed he worked at others, like the Edison Illuminating Company, ran by Thomas Edison. On New Year’s Eve in 1885, Henry met an eighteen year old girl named Clara Bryant, who he soon married three years later. Clara was one of the key people in this book, by being a great supporter to his ideas, even if they seemed unbelievable. Especially the one about the â€Å"horseless carriage.† It was an idea that Henry had thought of. He wanted to create an automobile that wasn’t dependant on horses but rather something better. He soon began to undertake experiments to tr y to create his first automobile. When he personally met Thomas Edison, he gained his approval of Henry’s first automobile he made, and from that day, they grew a strong relationship with each other. They always supported and spent quality time with each other. After resigning from the Edison Illuminating Company in August 15, 1899, The Ford Motor Company was incorporated in 1903 with him and along with others. The Fo... ...gh man who was an executive of the business. Not many people liked him; Henry was only one of his close friends. For me, I would recommend this to other people only under a few circumstances. I find that biographies wouldn’t be a first choice for me, since I’m not really fond with them, unless it’s anyone I find intriguing. Yet, some people may be up for this type of book ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€ personal preference right? Ideally, the ones who enjoy biographies that tell the experiences of people who made an impact on the world would like this. But also, anyone who’s inspired to be a mechanic or a business person would enjoy this book, as they can get an idea of what might be happening in a business environment. Lastly, people ages ten and up will be able to read this book. Any person younger than that may not be able to understand the vocabulary and the main purpose of this biography.

Business Process Reengineering Essay

Fundamental rethinking and radical design to achieve dramatic improvement in cost, quality, service and delivery (Hammer & Champy, 1993; Manganelli & Klein, 1994). It means that business process reengineering involves many steps that change the entire business process. This is done to reduce the cost of production of a product or service, increasing the quality, and satisfying customers by offering an excellent service and delivery. BPR can be done in four ways that are: i. Business transformation By using this way, the whole organization is changed. This includes the business process, business management and business strategies. ii. Redesign business process In this way, only the business processes are changed. Usually, the number processes will be reduced. The non value added processes are eliminated. iii. Business process change management This is the process for managing human/employee side of change. It includes the steps taken to change the management team or a project leader. iv. Redesign strategies and value added processes It means that the organization changes the business strategies and creates or improves their value added activities. Objectives of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) There are many objectives of business process reengineering. The main objective is of course to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the whole business. Listed below are the specific objectives of business process reengineering: i. To save time and cost Time can be saved once the non value added activities are removed from the process as there is fewer work process to be done. This will lead to cost saving as the cost incurred during the production will also decrease. As the cost decreases, the profit margin will be higher and it will lead to a greater income for the company. ii. To improve the quality of work By implementing business process reengineering, the fragmentation of work can be reduced. This is contributed by the fewer process involved in production. This will reduce the errors that occur in production as fewer machines or human are involved. The performance of the business process reengineering can be improved through feedback received by the users of the goods or services. iii. To satisfy customers This is also one of the objectives of implementing business process reengineering. Customers will always be the main priority. BPR will ease the customer in many ways. For instance, nowadays we no longer have to stand in a queue line while waiting to be served if we go to any bank as the number system had been introduced. This is one example of the contribution of business process reengineering for customers’ satisfaction. Advantages of Business Process Reengineering i. Lower cost Reengineering proves to be cost effective as the cost of operating after implementing BPR will decrease significantly. ii. Better use of existing staff The existing staff expertise can be retained enhance through training them at the point of implementation of BPR. iii. Increase effectiveness and efficiency As the employees are aware of the processes that they involve in that has been reduced, it also reduces the time lag between different process. Implementation of BPR Key Steps: Selection of strategic added value processes Simplify new process Once the engineering take place, organization should stop and execute the selection of idea from the above step. The top management cannot live in limbo between yes or no and what are going to do with the idea. Organize a team & workflow Assign responsibilities Train the process team Manager will act as a coaches for the workers as they do not orders but they will guide, direct, coordinate and empower the job to the workers. This involved the top management and subordinates in working together as a team. Critical success factors required to compete are identified and prioritized. Participative business makeovers reject the â€Å"top- down† approach to reengineering in favor of a middle ground, where the managers and workers come together to redesign business processes. The BPR team will be split into two parts, a design team made up of senior managers, and an execution team composed of people who will actually do the work Introduce the redesigned process These initiatives seek to provide understanding of the markets, competitors, and the position of the organization within the industry Implementation BPR Success factors Revising reward and motivation system New reward and incentive scheme must be revised as supporting BPR effort to encouraging people to endorse BPR such as introduce new job titles in order to motivate the workers to the new system implementation. The workers are a resource for an organization to manage the operation effectively. The BPR will successfully be implemented if the workers are highly motivated to the changes made. Effective communication It is needed throughout the changes process at all levels in order to ensure patience and understanding among all employees. Communication breakdown between top management and the workers tend to happen due to the significant changes in the new system. By improving a better way of communication could lead the company to successfully implemented BPR in the organization. Empowerment The organization should establish a culture which staff at all levels feel more responsible and accountable to their respective job scope. Empowerment will make the staff feel more appreciative of their work when the organization give them the authority which in other means recognized and appreciate their work towards the success of the organization. The staff also will be able to set their goals and monitor their own performance thus supporting the implementation of BPR. Management of risk BPR involves radical changes to several systems in organization. Continuous risk assessment is needed throughout the implementation process to ensure the BPR success. The calculation of risk will help the organization in decision making regarding BPR implementation. Aligning BPR strategy with corporate strategy As corporate strategy determines objectives and guidance on how the organizational capabilities can be best utilised to gain competitive position, BPR strategy guides the alteration of tasks into integrated process. It also must accompanied by strategic planning in order to be successful in the long run. Kaizen Costing Introduction Kaizen costing also has a Japanese heritage. It comes from the combination of the Japanese characters ‘kai’ and ‘zen’ which mean ‘change’ and ‘good,’ respectively. The word ‘Kaizen’ translates to ‘continuous improvement’ or ‘change for the better’ and aims to improve productivity by making gradual changes to the entire manufacturing process. Masaki Imai known as the â€Å"Lean Guru† and the father of Continuous Improvement (CI) Masaaki Imai has been a pioneer and leader in spreading the Kaizen philosophy all over the world. Understand Kaizen Costing To understand Kaizen costing, one first needs to grasp standard costing methodology. The typical standard costing approach works by designing a product first, and computing costs by taking into account material, labour and overhead. The resulting figure is set as the product cost. The standard cost is set and revised on a yearly basis. Cost deviation analysis involves checking to see whether the projected cost estimates tally with the final figures. Manufacturing procedures are assumed to be static. In example, approach centres around recognizing that employees who work on a particular job are aware of how that particular task can be greatly improved. Employees are treated as valuable sources of viable solutions, an approach that differs greatly from the standard cost system that views employees as labourers with variable performance levels. Goals In order to properly implement Kaizen principals for process improvement, there are four goals towards reaching successful implementation of Kaizen: 1. To ensure that actual production cost are less than the prior year cost. 2. To reduce the difference between profit estimates and target profits (every department in the company makes an effort to introduce operational changes on a daily basis). 3. Analyzing every part of the process and generating ideas on how they can be further improved. 4. Kaizen costing takes into account aspects such as time-saving strategies, employee efficiency and wastage reduction. Advantages Focus on customers Kaizen permits no middle ground its either you provide best products and customer satisfaction or not. All the activities should aim at providing customer with whatever he wants and should help the firm long term objective of customer’s satisfaction at the same time building up good relationship. It is a responsibility of each and every person working in a Kaizen company to make sure that the product is up to the mark and it satisfies customers need. Make improvements continuously In order to search for excellence just does not end. We should work on the improvement implemented and see if we can make it even more effective. Acknowledge problems openly Every company has certain problems related to finance, competition, change in demand etc. Kaizen companies are no exception, but by fostering an appropriately supportive, constructive culture it becomes easier for any team to get its problem in the open. The whole organization works as a team to solve the problem. The problems are openly shared by the management with the employees which avoids rumours. It simply means â€Å"FIGHT WITH YOUR PROBLEMS DON’T RUN AWAYFROM THEM†. Promote openness There seems to be less functional ring fencing i.e. only the senior managers have private cabins. Otherwise the workplace is generally open and in many companies even the dress code and canteen for everyone is the same Create work teams Each individual in a Kaizen company belongs to work team headed by a leader. Working in various overlapping teams draws employees into corporate life and reinforces the mutual understanding. Cross- functional teams Kaizen states that no individual or team has all the required skill and knowledge to complete a task. Cross-functional teams help in getting all the valuable information’s from the view of all the related people. It calls for letting ideas to flow as wide as running on moon. Disadvantages Reluctant to change Most employees do not like changes as it will lead them to a new style of working Too much suggestion may lead to confusion and time wastage. By giving the opportunities to help in getting all the suggestion from the view of all the related people, they may be confuse to focus what are the best way to follows and also required a lot of time in considering which ways is the beneficially to them. Real life example: A Case Study of New Kaizen Activities at Tahara plant (Toyota) This type of costing was used by Japanese automobile companies (Toyota). The assembly line at Tahara plant was reorganized in 1995 clearly following the new concept realized first at Toyota Kyushu. However it was the assembly section itself that conceived this new assembly line, taking the initiative in product design and reconstruction of the assembly line. It began in 1991 where the revision in 1995 of the Hilux Surf (sports utility) being assembled and the assembly of another sports utility (Land Cruiser Prado) from 1996 were planned. On the basis of discussions held in the Committee above mentioned, the director of this assembly plant suggested to his assembly section’s manager (section chief) to prepare the revision of this sports utility by searching for an ideal assembly line. He then started to conceive it and organize engineers, â€Å"try team† staff, chief leaders and group leaders so that everyone would collaborate in order to realize an ideal assembly line about which he did not have any clear conception. Then he fixed the orientation toward the reconstruction of his assembly line as follows: Construct an assembly shop where the workers can work easily and execute  their operations â€Å"rhythmically†; Organize a human centered Toyota Production System; Form a kaizen mind of everyone so that he/she willingly does kaizen. The section chief thought that if the assembly shop were organized in such a way, it would also contribute to increase production efficiency assuring quality and security, and then to reduce costs. There were many problems to solve, which necessitated the collaboration of the product manager of these models, Product Engineering Design Sections, Production Engineering Division as well as those of Araco and Hino (Araco designs the body of Land Cruiser Prado; Hino, that of Hilux Surf whereas Toyota develops their chassis). In fact, the conception of new assembly line could not be developed without modifying vehicle structures and parts designs of these models. Comparison between BPR and Kaizen approach. Re-engineering Kaizen Type of process Work best: cross organizational boundaries as complex interrelationship of variables. Work best: with well defined boundaries. Degree of change Incremental or radical and usually affect an entire integrated process. Incremental or radical but usually only affect a limited sub process at a time. Speed Generally implemented in a big bang changeover Generates immediately noticeable and measurable changes Acceptance High risk of things reverting back to the way they were soon after the consultants leave. Since the people that actually do the work are the ones making the changes – acceptance are very high. Cost Often involves expensive technologies, computers, and other system. Most â€Å"lean† changes are inexpensive or even free. Technology Reengineering project is often led by computer consultants. Most â€Å"lean† methods minimize or even eliminate reliance on technology with a preference toward visual methods and simplification. Similarities of Business Process Reengineering and Kaizen Approach i. They increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the way the organization operates. ii. These two approaches focus on lowering cost. iii. Customers’ satisfaction is always the goal for these two strategic management accounting approaches. Conclusion The Business Process Reengineering is the process of redesigning the business processes and the associated systems and organizational structures to achieve a dramatic change in the whole business process and performance. On the other hand, Kaizen is a small improvements and changes for a better for business process and performance. It must be accompanied by change of method. Business Process Reengineering is a â€Å"project† with a defined beginning and ending. Kaizen is a never ending process.

The Civil War essays

The Civil War essays On paper the North was far stronger than the South. It had two and a half times as many people, and it possessed far more ships, miles of railroad, and manufacturing enterprises. Southerners, however, had the advantage of fighting on home ground with better military leadership. But Union superiority in manpower was not so great as the gross figures suggest. Half a million people scattered from Dakota to California, could make no substantial contribution to Union strength. And every year Union regiments were sent to the West to fight Indians. Hundreds of thousands of Americans in loyal border states and in southern Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois worked or fought for southern independence. Though, every state furnished men for the other side, there was little doubt that more Federals than Confederates The South had superior officer personnel. For twenty years before Lincoln's inauguration, southern officers had dominated the U.S. Army. Another source of southern confidence was cotton. Secession leaders expected to exchange that staple for the foreign manufactured goods they The South's most important advantage was that it had only to defend relatively short interior lines against invaders who had to deal with long lines of communication and to attack a broad front. The Confederacy also had no need to divert fighting men to tasks such as garrisoning captured cities and holding conquered territory. In a short war, numerical superiority would not have made much of a difference. As the war continued, however, numerical strength became a psychological as well as a physical weapon. During the closing years of the conflict, Union armies, massed at last against critical strongholds, suffered terrible casualties but seemed to grow stronger with every defeat. Any staggering Confederate losses sapped the southern will to fight. Every ...

Fantastic Mr Fox Essay Essays

Fantastic Mr Fox Essay Essays Fantastic Mr Fox Essay Paper Fantastic Mr Fox Essay Paper In times of huge discord. a child’s relationship with their parents becomes more of import. As a child’s universe is turned upside down. they cleaving to the familiar as agencies of self-identification and find in confounding fortunes. But when parent kid relationships become unhealthy. a child’s sense of individuality is damaged as they struggle to rectify their sense of ego without clear function theoretical accounts to follow. In peculiar. relationships between parents and kids of the same gender carry with them gendered ideals of ego and individuality that farther strain the relationship between the parent and kid. Both Fantastic Mr. Fox and Maus look at male parent boy relationships that are under huge strain. and how the characters discover their individualities through working their troubled relationships out. Throughout both of these plants. there is a subject of self-discovery as the agencies of bettering relationships and the moral of each narrative is that to understand genuinely each other. one must foremost understand oneself. The movie adaptation/imagination of Roald Dahl’s Fantastic Mr. Fox deviates from the beginning stuff in positive ways and introduces an interesting father-son subplot between the titular supporter and his boy ( s ) . At the start of the movie. Mr. Fox and his boy Ash have troubles pass oning with each other. An ambitious and upward believing single. Mr. Fox is less than thrilled with his son’s wiry frame and deficiency of athletic ability. Ash falls short of the â€Å"ideal† athletic masculine original that Mr. Fox likes to believe of himself as. so when the of course athletic Kristofferson comes to remain with the Foxes. Mr. Fox of course gravitates towards a father-son relationship with Kristofferson. : This causes Ash to experience tenseness and green-eyed monster because he sees Kristofferson as a challenger for his father’s attending. As the film progresses and Mr. Fox’s schemes for advancement Begin to take form. he involves first Kristofferson. due to his natural athletic ability. further intensifying the rift between Ash and his male parent. It gets to the point that Ash is willing to put on the line his life on his father’s rip-offs merely to gain his regard because he believes that his male parent values Kristofferson more than his â€Å"different† boy. This desire for his father’s attending is diminished well when Fox’s scheming and larceny necessarily conveying the farmer’s wrath down on the animate beings. The base that Ash placed his male parent on is broken and Ash decides to halt seeking to be his male parent and alternatively encompass the aspects of his character that makes him† different† . This leads to greater self-actualization for Ash who utilizes his unconventional endowments in clip to salvage his father’s life and get the better of the husbandmans. What is of import to observe here is that Ash’s self-discovery comes as a he breaks free of his father’s outlooks and comes to accept himself as a unique and of import person in his ain right. His male parent comes to accept Ash non for conforming to his ain ideals but for encompassing his individualism. Ash’s relationship with his male parent merely strengthens and deepens when Ash comes into his ain as a individual. Ash’s development and self-discovery comes in malice of his interaction with his male parent and their relationship merely matures as Ash develops his ain character. Both Mr. Fox and Ash discover themselves through understanding one another ; one time Mr. Fox discards his mid-life crisis and Ash makes peace with his eccentricities. both are capable of holding a healthy relationship with each other. The same father-son tenseness fuels character development in Maus. as the relationship between Art Spiegelman and his male parent. Vladek. develops over the class of this in writing novel. Though Maus is chiefly focused on Vladek’s ain Holocaust narration. the interaction with his son Art does non happen until after the Holocaust has happened. therefore colourising Vladek’s reading of the universe. Art provinces. â€Å"In some ways. my male parent didn’t survive the Holocaust† . Vladek’s experiences impact his worldview to the point where he has trouble associating to his boy. who merely can non conceive of the things Vladek had to make to last. This spread in understanding thrusts the struggle between the characters as Art struggles to acquire away from his father’s presence in order to set up an individuality for himself as an creative person. But nevertheless hard he tries. traveling on with his life demands that he understands his male parent. something that Art has ever found hard. I mean. I can’t even make any sense out of my relationship with my male parent †¦ how am I supposed to do sense out of Auschwitz? †¦ 0f the Holocaust? † . While these inquiries linger with Art and the reader long after the concluding page ( mostly because such mindless calamity defies comprehension ) . in working with his male parent to grok his narrative. Art begins to understand his male parent better. In making so. Art is able to do peace with his male parent and get down building his ain individuality as something other than a reaction to his male parent and the agony he endured. Art moves by simply rejecting the force per unit area his male parent puts on him. accepting his father’s battle and in the procedure their relationship is strengthened. Art and Vladek help each other to travel on with their lives to differing grades and in the procedure turn closer to one another as more complete persons. Both Mr. Fox and Vladek care about their kids and truly desire to make right by them but both are coping with their ain issues of individuality in the thick of personal crises manner beyond the comprehension of their boies. Similarly. Ash and Art’s ain sense of self-suffering. due to the strained relationships they had with their parents come into drama. In order for any sort of healthy relationship to be. meaningful self-discovery and self-actualization is necessary on the portion of both persons. The inspiriting message to take away from these narratives is that a meaningful parent-child relationship can non be between persons who themselves are uncomplete. The parent and the kid must first look to their â€Å"inner selves† to do themselves more personally complete before they can truly bask a meaningful and fulfilling parent-child relationship.

Puritan thinking and eighteenth-century deist thinking Essay

Puritan thinking and eighteenth-century deist thinking - Essay Example The puritan philosophy emphasize on individual freedom and liberties of the common man (Vaughan, 1). The protests of the puritans against the influential power of the Pope exerted a spirit of liberty in other aspects besides theology. The demand for educated clergy brought about encouragement both in politics and intellectual life. Throughout history it has been suggested that the â€Å"Puritan concentration of attention upon the Bible had a remarkable educative effect on many minds† (Stimson, 323). The puritans believe that religion must have the ability to have both intellectual and emotional influence on people. Their demand for reasoning called for a higher intellectual life and activity (Stimson, 323). The most commonly known philosophy of the eighteenth-century deism is that it is God who created the world but thereafter He has not exercised any control over worldly events. In other words, a deist is someone who believes that there is a divine creator but at the same time rejects any divine intervention. According to deism philosophy, â€Å"human reason alone can give us everything we need to know to live a correct moral and religious life† (Craig, 853). There is however one group of deists who believe that God or the divine creator has a future world that stores rewards and punishments for human deeds in the current world. However, the other group rejects this philosophy. There is one common agreement between both groups that claim that only human reasoning can provide answers to questions of life and death, and there is no divine power to provide answer to religious questions that cannot be discovered by human reasoning. Deism emerged during the seventeenth and eighteent h centuries mostly in England, France and America (Craig, 853). Both puritans and deists believe in the God as creator of this world, but the difference lies in

Field Trip Report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Field Trip - Lab Report Example More than fifty percent of the wetlands found in the world are known to have disappeared as from 1900. As such a variety of conservation efforts have been put in place so as to preserve this crucial environmental asset. A wetland is any area that is known to hold water either permanently or temporarily. Some wetlands only hold water for a short period of one or two months during spring while others hold water all year-round. Some of the types of wetlands include fens, marshes, mangroves, swamps, and bogs. The main objective of this trip was to give the students a chance to take note of the wetland ecosystems and urban forests birds in the surrounding area. The trip would thus help the students develop an understanding and appreciation of biodiversity and natural habitats. The field trip was carried out on April 11 (Saturday), 2015 between 9:30 AM – 12:00 AM. There were three different wetlands studied during the field trip. The weather was sunny with no cloud that was very favorable for the excursion. The first wetland was H shape and was identified at 9:30 AM. Located at 31.1941 N and 120.4430 E, it measured 128.8 M in length and 86M in width. The green alga, phragmites, and other insects existed in this wetland. The air temperature at this wetland was 18 C and the water temperature at 16.4 C, and the PH was 8.94. Other measurements taken at this wetland were 0.33 mg ammonia, 1.39mg nitrogen, 271.3 water conductivity and 9.54 dissolved oxygen. The second wetland was seen at 10:30 AM and located at 31.1942 N and120.4440 E. The length of this wetland was 240 M and width of 190M. The temperature recorded was 18.5 C for air and 14C for water. Green alga and dragonflies lived at this wetland whose dissolved oxygen level was 6.41 and conductivity a t 246.5. The PH was recorded at 10.47 and ammonia and nitrogen levels at 0.47 mg and 2.23 mg respectively. The last wetland was identified at 11:19 AM. Located at 31.1939 N and

Wk6 (22) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wk6 (22) - Essay Example These techniques are used to help them in their daily lives. Emphasis is placed on self-control and the client being able to "initiate, conduct and evaluate their own therapy" (Corey, p. 233). The role of the counselor in behavior therapy is to help the client develop goals and to help them find more choices and new conditions for learning as they move through the therapeutic process. The counselor will initially interview the client to find the specific behaviors to address. Behavior therapist also are "active and directive" and they are problem solvers. The individual who is most prominently known as the one who began behavior therapy is B.F. Skinner, however, the history of this type of therapy goes back to 1950s and was equally introduced in the United States, South Africa and Great Britain at the same time. According to the textbook, there are many studies that use behavioral techniques to assist in many mental disorders. Some critics think that this therapy does not go far enough in helping clients because it does not provide insights for the client and it ignores the relationship between the client and the therapist. Behaviorists also put emphasis on ethical accountability. In contrast rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) expands upon what the behavior therapists does by bringing in a cognitive component. The basic premise of this therapy is that an individual is very capable of healing themselves because they are naturally inclined to do "self-talking, self-evaluating and self-sustaining" (Corey, p. 273). This theory grew out of work by Albert Ellis. REBT sees that humans have the capacity to think rationally and irrationally at the same time. They can be loving, happy and have strong relationships or they can be self-destructive, procrastinate and repeat the same problems over and over. Individuals learn irrational beliefs through significant people around them, and they create

Consider Two Contrasting Characters In The Play Essay Example for Free

Consider Two Contrasting Characters In The Play Essay Consider two contrasting characters in the play. How does the playwright convey their personalities and their attitudes to the situation in which they find themselves? The playwright of The Long, the Short and the Tall is Willis Hall and he wrote it in 1959. The play is set in the Malaysian jungle in 1942 during the Second World War. It is about a British scout patrol, which is caught in the unexpected Japanese advance down the Malaysian peninsula. It deals with men from all over Britain, from different backgrounds and cultures, and their relationships with each other. The main issue though, is whether the men are able to kill another human being. It shows their reactions in tense and almost unreal situations. World War Two lasted from 1939 to 1945. It was fought in two places; in Europe against Germany and in the Pacific against Japan. Britain and the USA started fighting against Japan because Japan bombed Pearl Harbour in December 1941, which had docked a whole fleet of American war ships. The British and the Americans didnt expect the Japanese to attack, so they were not able to defend themselves. From here Japan continued to expand into other countries. They quickly conquered South-East Asia. The next thing the Japanese did was to invade Singapore in Malaysia. Again the British were completely unprepared for the attack. All Singapores defences were facing into the sea, never expecting or believing that anybody would come down the peninsula, through the jungle, but this is exactly what the Japanese did. Because no one in Singapore believed that they would be attacked from the land side, all the defences were on the ocean side, to protect against a marine attack. The Japanese were so successful because they had had better training in jungle warfare. They wore light clothing, had light ammunition and made use of bicycles for transport. This meant that they could travel great distances in a relatively short time. There wasnt much hope for the British soldiers, who had little or no training in jungle warfare, they had heavy clothing and ammunition and no suitable transport. Morale in the British army was very low. Most of the soldiers were conscripts who were very cynical about the ability of the generals of the army to direct the army in the right away and also because of the lack of proper training and equipment. This can be seen in the play in the way the characters talk of the radio not working. Damn duff equipment is how Johnstone describes the radio. To the British conscripts the Japanese army seemed invincible, with their incredibly patriotic soldiers who were prepared to die rather than surrender. The Japanese believed in the motto Death before dishonour. They seemed a completely fearless army because of this, which didnt do the morale of the British soldiers much good. The two contrasting characters I have chosen to look at are Bamforth and Johnstone. I have chosen Bamforth because his character changes a great deal throughout the play and his point of view moves to a different angle and I have chosen Johnstone because his character is one of the few ones, which doesnt change much throughout the play. Private C. Bamforth is a conscript into the British army and has been posted over to the Far East to help fight the Japanese. He is from London and is in the lowest possible rank in the army. His position is completely different from Johnstones. His full title is Corporal E. Johnstone. He is two above Bamforth in ranks and is part of the regular army and is not conscripted. This means that is attitude to the army is different. His attitude is much less cynical and he respects authority more, in terms of Mitchem. He is cynical in one part of the play where he becomes exasperated when the radio wont work. Damn duff equipment. The whole damn issues duff. But overall he is much less cynical of the British armys capabilities. On the other side Bamforth is very cynical of the British army in the way he speaks of it. He apparently quotes one of the Generals, Bammo, my old son, the British armys in a desperate situation. The yellow perils about to descend on us Here he is joking about the state of the British army, but he obviously believes it, otherwise he wouldnt be saying it and it wouldnt be funny. Also he makes clear that he isnt prepared to be a hero, I wasnt meant to be a hero he states it clearly and decisively, which shows that he has no doubts about it. Bamforth enjoys making fun of others especially people who cant defend themselves very well like Whitaker and people who are of a certain area such as Wales or Scotland. He tends to generalise about people of a certain area and call them derogatory names. You Scotch haggis!, you Cardiff creep, Youre an ignorant Welsh Taff! He is a really unpleasant character in the beginning and obviously resents authrority; Nit is what he says under his breath at Johnstone. Johnstone is also unpleasant in the way he threatens Bamforth, but as the person watching the play, with no knowledge of how Bamforths character will change, I found that I sympathised with Johnstone and felt glad that he was giving Bamforth what he deserved. Their initial reaction was also very similar, as it was Johnstone who grabbed the prisoner and ordered one of the other men to kill him with their bayonet and Bamforth was the only other soldier who felt able to kill him. He regarded the Japanese soldier as only as important as an animal. Its only the same as carving up a pig. The prisoner was very low in his opinion Johnstone has very little contact with the prisoner; he only has direct contact with the prisoner when he has the argument with Bamforth over whether the prisoner should be allowed any cigarettes. He obviously has strong opinions on what should happen to the prisoner; he thinks it is a bad decision of Mitchems to take the prisoner back as it is too risky. He tries to argue with Mitchem that they should kill the prisoner right then, before it all got out of hand. Get rid of him. Right now Strangely enough, it is Bamforth who befriends the prisoner and talks to him and joke with him. He even begins to regard the prisoner as almost human. Hes almost human this one is!. His opinion of the prisoner has risen from that of animal to almost human. This is because the prisoner showed him his photos of his family. He indicates that he also has a baby, this is probably why Bamforth begins to regard him with more respect. Next Bamforth offers the prisoner a cigarette, but Johnstone knocks the prisoners from his mouth. At once Bamforth demands an explanation from Johnstone. Here he is clearly defending the prisoners rights, but also I think that he argues with Johnstone just because he did something that infringed his rights. Later on when the argument about the prisoners cigarette case begins, the playwright cleverly makes Bamforth leave so that the argument can progress without anyone coming to the prisoners defence. When Bamforth returns the argument reaches a climax; he immediately comes to the prisoners defence. He defends him verbally and helps the prisoner. He tells the others that he gave the prisoner the cigarettes. This may not have been true and I dont think that Johnstone really believed him. He is the one who asks to look at the case before it is returned to the prisoner and he starts another argument about the case. This time Bamforth does not claim to have given it to him, but turns the story back on Johnstone by making Whitaker tell the others how he has a locker full of Japanese souvenirs. He defends the prisoner all the way. This is sign that he has become really attached to the prisoner. By the end when they have to decide whether to kill the prisoner or not, Bamforth has become very attached to the prisoner. He physically stands in-between the prisoner and Johnstone, as can be seen from the stage directions. This is a clear piece of proof that he is now prepared physically protect the prisoner not just argue for him. Its him and me. This shows that he is saying that if they want to kill the prisoner, they will have to kill him too. Also he now expresses freely that he regard the prisoner highly. Hes a man, showing that the prisoner has earned a lot of Bamforths respect. Johnstone on the other hand is the one who is trying to kill the prisoner. Johnstone still thinks they should kill the prisoner and his opinion of him has not risen either, Its a bloody nip From this we can see that he regards him as really low because he says it instead of he and uses the derogatory term of bloody nip. He orders Bamforth out of the way, but he will not move and appeals to each of the men in turn to help him. But each one turns him down, he appeals to Macleish last of all, probably hoping that at least he was going to help him because his brother could be a POW too. But even he does not help Bamforth. He is obviously desperate because he turns to sheer pettiness when each of the men turn him down. I hope they carve your brother up. Get that? I hope they carve your bloody brother up! In the end the decision is made for them as Whitaker shoots the prisoner as he rises, during the fight between Bamforth and Johnstone. The play offers no obvious answers to who was right or what they should have done. It was quite ironic how it is Johnstone left alive at the end who surrenders because it is was he who was prepared to kill their POW, having said this he did not have much choice in the matter. Personally I really dont know what they should have done because it was such a hard decision, but if I had to make a decision I would probably have tried to take the prisoner back to camp rather than hanging around arguing about it. If they had done that they might have had a chance of getting back alive, but as it was they had no hope. With the benefit of hindsight, I can see that Johnstone was right, when he said that they should kill the prisoner in the beginning, when none of them were attached to the prisoner and there would have been no problem. However I dont think I would be able to kill someone in that situation even if I was ordered to.

Example of Business Contract

Example of Business Contract 1. Your Relationship with PCFS Solutions. A. Introduction. The sale and performance of Professional Services (defined below) hereunder is subject to the terms of this Professional Services Agreement (the Agreement) between you (hereinafter you or Client) and PCFS Solutions, Inc. and its affiliates (hereinafter PCFS Solutions). PCFS Solutionss sale and performance of Professional Services under this Agreement shall be solely for Clients own internal use and not for resale. B. Definitions. Deliverables means the tangible and intangible materials, including reports, studies, base cases, drawings, findings, manuals, procedures and recommendations prepared by PCFS Solutions or its suppliers, licensors or subcontractors in the course of performing the Professional Services. Materials means all content and other items included with or as part of the Professional Services, Software or Deliverables. Professional Services means the services performed by PCFS Solutions as described in one or more Statements of Work. Software means any software, library, utility, tool, or other computer or program code, in object (binary) or source-code form, as well as the related documentation, provided by PCFS Solutions to you in connection with the Professional Services. Software includes software locally installed on your systems and software accessed by you through the Internet or other remote means (such as websites, portals, the PCFS Solutions Platform, and cloud-based solutions). Statements of Work are separately signed mutually agreed upon documents that outline the scope of the Professional Services, time period for service delivery (including any milestone requirements), requisite service steps, and payment terms. Third-Party Products means any non-PCFS Solutions-branded products, software or services. C. Additional Agreements. 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This Agreement shall be effective from the Effective Date and shall continue until it is terminated as set forth below (the Term). B. Termination. Either party may terminate an individual Statement of Work hereunder if the other party commits a material breach of such agreement and the breach is not cured within 90 days of receipt of written notice from the injured party. PCFS Solutions may terminate this Agreement immediately, if (1) you fail to make any payment when due; (2) you are acquired by or merge with a competitor of PCFS Solutions; (3) you declare bankruptcy or are adjudicated bankrupt; or (4) a receiver or trustee is appointed for you or substantially all of your assets. Either party may terminate this agreement with (30) days written notice provided as set forth in Section 9(N). Upon termination of this Agreement, all rights and obligations of the parties under this Agreement and any accompanying Statements of Work will automatically terminate except for rights of action accruing prior to termination, payment obligations accruing pursuant to any Statements of Work, and any obligations that expressly or by implicatio n are intended to survive termination. 5. Proprietary Rights. You irrevocably acknowledge that, subject to the license granted herein or any separate license agreement referenced in Section 8 below, you have no ownership interest in the Software, the Materials, the methods by which the Professional Services are performed or the processes that make up the Professional Services (the PCFS Solutions IP). PCFS Solutions owns all right, title and interest in the PCFS Solutions IP, subject to any limitations associated with the intellectual property rights of third parties. PCFS Solutions reserves all rights not specifically granted herein. 6. Deliverables. Subject to payment in full for the applicable Professional Services, PCFS Solutions grants you a non-exclusive, non-transferable, royalty-free right to use the Deliverables solely in the country or countries in which you do business, solely for your internal use, and solely as necessary for you to enjoy the benefit of the Professional Services as stated in the applicable Statements of Work. PCFS Solutions and its applicable suppliers or licensors will retain exclusive ownership of all Deliverables, and will own all intellectual property rights, title and interest in any ideas, concepts, know-how, documentation and techniques associated with such Deliverables. 7. Suspension or Modification of Software or Professional Services. PCFS Solutions may suspend, terminate, withdraw or discontinue all or part of the Professional Services or your access or one or more users access to the Software upon receipt of a subpoena or law-enforcement request, or when PCFS Solutions believes, in its sole discretion, that you (or your users) have breached any term of this Agreement or an applicable Statement of Work or are involved in any fraudulent, misleading or illegal activities. 8. Software. A. Accompanying License. Software and Materials may be provided subject to a separate software license agreement, product guides, operating manuals or other documentation included with the software or presented to you during the installation or use of the Software. You agree to be bound by such license agreements. B. Software License from PCFS Solutions. If no license terms accompany the Software, then subject to your compliance with the terms set forth in this Agreement, PCFS Solutions hereby grants you a personal, nonexclusive license to access and use such Software only during the term of the Professional Services and solely as necessary for you to enjoy the benefit of the Professional Services as stated in the applicable Statement of Work. I. Restrictions. You may not copy, modify or create a derivative work, collective work or compilation of the Software, and may not reverse engineer, decompile or otherwise attempt to extract the code of the Software or any part thereof. You may not license, sell, assign, sublicense or otherwise transfer or encumber the Software; may not use the Software in your own delivery of managed-services to third-parties or in a service bureau arrangement; and may not use the Software in excess  of the authorized number of licensed seats for concurrent users, sites or other criteria specified in the applicable Statements of Work. In addition, Client may not access the Software or monitor its availability, performance or functionality, or for any other benchmarking or competitive purpose.You are further prohibited from (1) attempting to use or gain unauthorized access to PCFS Solutions networks or equipment; (2) permitting other individuals or entities to use the Software or copy the Software or Professional Services; (3) attempting to probe, scan or test the vulnerability of Software or a system, account or network of PCFS Solutions or any of its Clients or suppliers; (4) interfering or attempting to interfere with service to any user, host or network; (5) transmitting unsolicited bulk or commercial messages; (6) restricting, inhibiting or otherwise interfering with the ability of any other person, regardless of intent, purpose or knowledge, to use or enjoy the Software (except for tools with safety and security functions); or (7) restricting, inhibiting, interfering with or otherwise disrupting or causing a performance degradation to any PCFS Solutions facilities used to deliver the Professional Services. II. Audit. You hereby grant PCFS Solutions, or an agent designated by PCFS Solutions, the right to perform an audit of your use of the Software during normal business hours; you agree to cooperate with PCFS Solutions in such audit; and you agree to provide PCFS Solutions with all records reasonably related to your use of the Software. The audit will be limited to verification of your compliance with the software licensing terms of this Agreement. 9. Additional Terms. A. Limited Warranty. PCFS SOLUTIONS WARRANTS THAT ITS SERVICES SHALL BE PERFORMED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL IN A MANNER CONSISTENT WITH GOOD PRACTICE IN THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES INDUSTRY. IF PCFS SOLUTIONS BREACHES THIS WARRANTY, IT SHALL SUPPLY SERVICES TO CORRECT OR REPLACE THE WORK AT NO CHARGE. THE REMEDY SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION IS CLIENTS EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY. PCFS SOLUTIONS WARRANTS THAT IT HAS THE RIGHT TO GRANT THE LICENSES TO THE SOFTWARE LICENSED IN SECTION 8 ABOVE, AND SUCH SOFTWARE WILL SUBSTANTIALLY CONFORM TO THE FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS AND CURRENT DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED BY PCFS SOLUTIONS. THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER SERVICE NOT PERFORMED OR AUTHORIZED BY PCFS SOLUTIONS (INCLUDING INSTALLATION OR DE-INSTALLATION), USAGE NOT IN ACCORDANCE WITH SOFTWARE INSTRUCTIONS, OR USE OF PARTS AND COMPONENTS NOT SUPPLIED OR INTENDED FOR USE WITH THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY STATED IN THE THIS SECTION 9(A), PCFS SOLUTIONS, (INCLUDING ITS AFFILIATES, CONTRACTORS, AND AGENTS, AND EACH OF THEIR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYEES, DIRECTORS, AND OFFICERS), ON BEHALF OF ITSELF AND ITS SUPPLIERS (COLLECTIVELY, THE PCFS SOLUTIONS PARTIES) MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO ANY OF THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY (1) OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, PERFORMANCE, SUITABILITY OR NON-INFRINGEMENT; (2) RELATING TO THIRD-PARTY PRODUCTS; (3) RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE OF SOFTWARE OR PCFS SOLUTIONSS PERFORMANCE OF THE SERVICES OR WHETHER THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES ARE SUITABLE FOR HIGH-RISK ACTIVITIES; OR (4) REGARDING THE RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES OR THE RESULTS OF ANY RECOMMENDATION BY PCFS SOLUTIONS. B. Limitation of Liability. TO THE EXTENT PERMISSIBLE BY LAW, PCFS SOLUTIONS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER. EXCEPT FOR YOUR BREACH OF SECTION 1.D.I. OR SECTION 8, OR ANY CLAIM BROUGHT PURSUANT TO SECTION 9(C), NEITHER PARTY SHALL HAVE LIABILITY FOR THE FOLLOWING: (1) LOSS OF REVENUE, INCOME, PROFIT OR SAVINGS; (2) LOST OR CORRUPTED DATA OR SOFTWARE, LOSS OF USE OF A SYSTEM OR NETWORK OR THE RECOVERY OF SUCH; (3) LOSS OF BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY, GOODWILL OR REPUTATION; (4) BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR DOWNTIME; OR (5) DELIVERABLES OR THIRD-PARTY PRODUCTS NOT BEING AVAILABLE FOR USE. IN NO CIRCUMSTANCES, SHALL PCFS SOLUTIONSS TOTAL LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE TOTAL AMOUNT PAID BY CLIENT TO PCFS SOLUTIONS UNDER THE APPLICABLE STATEMENT OF WORK. THESE LIMITATIONS, EXCLUSIONS AND DISCLAIMERS SHALL APPLY TO ALL CLAIMS FOR DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, WARRANTY, STRICT LIABILITY, NEGLIGENCE, TORT OR OTHERWISE. THE PARTIES AGREE THAT THESE LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY ARE AGREED ALLOCATIONS OF RISK CONSTITUTING IN PART THE CONSIDERATION FOR PCFS SOLUTIONSS SALE OF SOFTWARE OR SERVICES TO CLIENT, AND SUCH LIMITATIONS WILL APPLY NOTWITHSTANDING THE FAILURE OF ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY LIMITED REMEDY AND EVEN IF A PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LIABILITIES. C. Indemnification. PCFS Solutions shall defend and indemnify you against any third-party claim or action that Software, Professional Services or Deliverables (excluding Third-Party Products and open source software) prepared or produced by PCFS Solutions and delivered pursuant to this Agreement infringe or misappropriate that third partys U.S. patent, copyright, trade secret, or other intellectual property rights (Indemnified Claims). In addition, if PCFS Solutions receives prompt notice of an Indemnified Claim that, in PCFS Solutionss reasonable opinion, is likely to result in an adverse ruling, then PCFS Solutions shall, at its option, (1) obtain a right for you to continue using such Software, Deliverables or allow PCFS Solutions to continue performing the Professional Services; (2) modify such Software, Professional Services or Deliverables to make them non-infringing; (3) replace such Software, Professional Services or Deliverables with a non-infringing equivalent; or (4) refund any pre-paid fees for the allegedly infringing Professional Services that have not been performed or provide a reasonable depreciated or pro rata refund for the allegedly infringing Product, Deliverables or Software. Notwithstanding the foregoing, PCFS Solutions shall have no obligation under this Section for any claim resulting or arising from (1) modifications of the Software, Professional Services, or Deliverables that were not performed by or on behalf of PCFS Solutions; (2) the combination, operation, or use of the Software, Professional Services or Deliverables in connection with a Third- Party Product (the combination of which causes the claimed infringement); or (3) PCFS Solutionss compliance with your written specifications or directions, including the incorporation of any software or other materials or processes provided by or requested by you. PCFS Solutionss duty to indemnify and defend under this Section 9.C. is contingent upon: (1) PCFS Solutions receiving prompt written notice an Indem nified Claim, (2) PCFS Solutions having the right to solely control the defense and resolution of such Indemnified Claim, and (3) your cooperation with PCFS Solutions in the defense and resolution of such Indemnified Claim. This Section 9.C. states Clients exclusive remedies for any third-party intellectual property claim or action, and nothing in this Agreement or elsewhere will obligate PCFS Solutions to provide any greater indemnity to Client. You shall defend and indemnify PCFS Solutions against any third-party claim or action arising out of (1) your failure to obtain any appropriate license, intellectual property rights, or other permissions, regulatory certifications, or approvals associated with technology or data provided by you, or associated with software or other components directed or requested by you to be installed or integrated as part of the Software, Professional Services or Deliverables; (2) your breach of this Agreement; (3) any inaccurate representation regarding the existence of an export license or any allegation made against PCFS Solutions due to your violation or alleged violation of applicable export laws, regulations, or orders; or (4) your providing of (or providing access to) Excluded Data (defined below) to PCFS Solutions. Each party shall defend and indemnify the other party against any third-party claim or action for personal bodily injury, including death, to the extent directly caused by the indemnifying partys gross negligence or willful misconduct in the course of performing its obligations under this Agreement. D. Independent Contractor Relationship; Assignment; Subcontracting. The parties are independent contractors. No provision of this Agreement will or shall be deemed to create an association, trust, partnership, joint venture or other entity or similar legal relationship between PCFS Solutions and Client, or impose a trust, partnership or fiduciary duty, obligation, or liability on or with respect to such entities. Neither party will have any rights, power or authority to act or create an obligation, express or implied, on behalf of another party except as specified in this Agreement. PCFS Solutions has the right to assign, subcontract or delegate in whole or in part this Agreement, or any rights, duties, obligations or liabilities under this Agreement, by operation of law or otherwise, provided that PCFS Solutions shall remain responsible for the performance of Professional Services under this Agreement. Otherwise, neither party may assign this Agreement, in whole or in part, without the permission of the other. E. Force Majeure. Neither party shall be liable to the other for any failure to perform any of its obligations (except payment obligations) under this Agreement during any period in which such performance is delayed by circumstances beyond its reasonable control, such as fire, flood, war, cyber warfare, including, but not limited to, Internet-based conflict and attacks on information systems designed to or resulting in the disabling of websites and networks, embargo, strike, riot or the intervention of any governmental authority (a Force Majeure). In such event, however, the delayed party must promptly provide the other party with written notice of the Force Majeure. The delayed partys time for performance will be excused for the duration of the Force Majeure, but if the Force Majeure event lasts longer than 30 days, then the other party may immediately terminate, in whole or in part, this Agreement or the applicable Statement of Work by giving written notice to the delayed party. G. Entire Agreement; Severability. This Agreement, together with any Statement of Work, is the entire agreement between you and PCFS Solutions with respect to its subject matter and supersedes all prior oral and written understandings, communications, or agreements between you and PCFS Solutions. No amendment to or modification of this Agreement, in whole or in part, will be valid or binding unless it is in writing and executed by authorized representatives of both parties. If any provision of this Agreement should be found to be void or unenforceable, such provision will be stricken or modified, but only to the extent necessary to comply with the law, and the remainder of this Agreement will remain in full force and will not be terminated. H. Governing Law. This Agreement, any related Statement of Work, and ANY CLAIM, DISPUTE OR CONTROVERSY (WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING STATUTORY, CONSUMER PROTECTION, COMMON LAW, INTENTIONAL TORT AND EQUITABLE CLAIMS) BETWEEN CLIENT AND PCFS SOLUTIONS, including their affiliates, contractors and agents, and each of their respective employees, directors and officers arising from or relating to this Agreement, its interpretation, or the breach, termination or validity thereof, the relationships which result from this Agreement (including, to the full extent permitted by applicable law, relationships with third parties who are not signatories to this Agreement) any related purchase (a Dispute) shall be governed by the laws of the State of California, without regard to conflicts of law. I. Venue. The parties agree that any Dispute shall be brought exclusively in the state or federal courts located in Orange County, California. Client and PCFS Solutions agree to submit to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within Orange County, California, and agree to waive any and all objections to the exercise of jurisdiction over the parties by such courts and to venue in such courts. J. Bench Trial. The parties agree to waive, to the maximum extent permitted by law, any right to a jury trial with respect to any Dispute. K. No Class Actions. NEITHER CLIENT NOR PCFS SOLUTIONS SHALL BE ENTITLED TO JOIN OR CONSOLIDATE CLAIMS BY OR AGAINST OTHER CLIENTS, OR PURSUE ANY CLAIM AS A REPRESENTATIVE OR CLASS ACTION OR IN A PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL CAPACITY. L. Limitation Period. NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM BROUGHT MORE THAN TWO YEARS AFTER THE CAUSE OF ACTION FOR SUCH CLAIM FIRST AROSE. M. Dispute Resolution. Client and PCFS Solutions will attempt to resolve any Dispute through face-to-face negotiation with persons fully authorized to resolve the Dispute or through mediation utilizing a mediator agreed to by the parties, rather than through litigation. The existence or results of any negotiation or mediation will be treated as confidential. Notwithstanding the foregoing, either party will have the right to obtain from a state or federal court in Orange County a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunction, or other equitable relief to preserve the status quo, prevent irreparable harm, avoid the expiration of any applicable limitations period, or preserve a superior position with respect to other creditors, although the merits of the underlying Dispute will be resolved in accordance with this paragraph. In the event the parties are unable to resolve the Dispute within 30 days of notice of the Dispute to the other party, the parties shall be free to pursue all remedies available at l aw or in equity. N. Scope of Services. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Company will perform those services (Services) with respect to the Company products separately purchased by Client (Company Commercially-Available Software) as set forth in one or supplemental document(s) (Statement of Work), attached hereto as Exhibit A and as amended and/or supplemented from time to time by the mutual written agreement of the parties and incorporated herein by reference. A Statement of Work will be, at a minimum, a written document that (i) references this Agreement, (ii) describes the Services to be performed (and if said Services shall include the creation of object code, such object Code is defined herein as Deliverable), (iii) specifies the corresponding rate schedule or other fee information, and (iv) is signed by both parties or is issued by one party and signed by the other party. Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to complete the Services by the applicable dates set forth in the attachment (Target Dates). O. Change Orders. Any changes to the scope of the Services must be made in writing and signed by both parties (Change Order) or if the Change Order is made via email to the other partys designated contact person, the receiving party will have five business days to reject the Change Order. If said rejection is not made within the 5 business day period, the Change Order is deemed mutually accepted. Each accepted Change Order will be incorporated herein by reference and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. P. Execution This Agreement may be executed and delivered by facsimile/PDF and the parties agree that such facsimile execution and delivery will have the same force and effect as delivery of an original document with original signatures, and that each party may use such facsimile signatures as evidence of the execution and delivery of this Agreement by all parties to the same extent that an original signature could be used. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties by their duly authorized representatives have executed this Agreement as of the Effective Date.