The Leadership Approach Based on Competency

Leadership is the ability that makes capable of persuading others to work towards achieving the set objectives passionately. Leadership involves a community of interest between the leader and his subordinates, that is, these two groups should be pursuing a common goal. Different leaders and organizations may use several approaches to leadership. The different approaches have both disadvantages and advantages as discussed below.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Leadership Approach Based on Competency specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In competency-based leadership approach distinct skills identified, separate qualified staff from unqualified staff. People’s capability determines their level of performance and therefore a desired performance requires a specific level of skills. This approach majorly works on improving individuals’ skills and their performance as an individual moves from one level to another (Greenleaf Spears, 2002). The competency-based approach of leadership has several advantages. This approach to leadership communicates reasoned outlook for roles and for levels of performance. Individuals get tasks that they are capable of doing. This ensures meeting of development needs set by an organization. Competency-based approach protects the morale of the staff. This approach provides room for improvement, and it also rewards those who have improved by giving them promotions. It also provides more valid data and thus makes working easier. To ensure that an organization is developing, performance management gets quantified and therefore the organization knows the areas that need an improvement. Competency-based approach is effective as it links development activities to goals, and provides guidelines for development. However, some people may argue that linking management to performance is the wrong way to develop leaders. An additional limitation of this approach is that the set competencies that a person should have are subject to reading and at times people do not act in the desired way. To add onto this at times the competencies are vague and people may understand them differently. Another approach to leadership is the servant leadership approach. This approach to leadership makes leaders servants. It entails giving importance to the needs of subordinates and other colleagues. The decision making procedure involves the workers. This leadership approach is at times negligent and is subject to pulls and pressures from different groups. Regardless of this it has several advantages. This approach increases the acceptance of management ideas and also reduces employees’ grievances. This helps in increasing cohesion in the workplace and thus increasing productivity. In this approach the needs of the staff is of primary significance and thus the staff develop loyalty to their organization. Because all opinions count, the decisions made get i mplemented wholeheartedly. A good relationship develops between the leaders and the subordinates, employees get motivated. This helps in maintaining a high level of output (Greenleaf Spears, 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Servant leadership approach has some limitations. Very few leaders are willing to exercise this kind of approach. Most leaders think that employees may not be effective when this approach is used. There are so many attributes expected from such leaders and very few leaders possess such personalities. Leaders are used to having the power to control and acting as the decision makers in given areas, this makes some of them unwilling to welcome suggestions from subordinates. Lower levels of employees may not understand the intricate nature of organizations and therefore their opinions rarely count and thus some aspect of the servant leadership approach is lost. Competency-based leadership thus looks at an individual’s skills in order to identify a leader whereas the service leadership approach seeks to make everyone in an organization successful with the aim of making an organization to succeed. Servant leadership may have some moral attributes that those involved in competency-based leadership approach lack. In organizations that managers use competence to assess employees, people may do anything regardless of whether it is ethical or unethical just to get promoted (Hellriegel, Jackson, Slocum Hellriegel, 2008). Most organizations prefer using the competency-based leadership approach because they believe it will make it possible for them to identify the type of leader they require after examining the leaders’ skills in different areas. It is the belief of many organizations that appointing personnel to certain positions while taking into consideration their abilities is very important as that makes organizations m ore industrious. Because most organizations work with the aim of maximizing profit, they will try to increase productivity and hence the implementation of the competency-based leadership approaches (Hellriegel, Jackson, Slocum Hellriegel, 2008). Though these two approaches may seem different, a leader chosen because of their competencies can also portray the qualities of a servant leader. An individual can be competent and still work as a servant to his or her subordinates. Leaders who enjoy doing their jobs are willing to see their organizations succeed. This type of leaders always welcomes suggestions from everyone regardless of his or her status in the organization. A leader should be capable of motivating employees.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Leadership Approach Based on Competency specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This means that they should give importance to the interests of their employees. This will help them build confidence in their employees and thus ensure high productivity and stability in the organization. Being competent does not make one indifferent of other people’s feelings. Leadership is a key in achieving goals; therefore, the leadership style adopted should be suitable to the circumstance involved. References Greenleaf, R. K., Spears, L. C. (2002). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and greatness. New York: Paulist Press. Hellriegel, D., Jackson, S. E., Slocum, J. W., Hellriegel, D. (2008). Managing: A competency- based approach. Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western. This essay on The Leadership Approach Based on Competency was written and submitted by user Gabriel Dalton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Top 4 SAT Reading Strategies You Must Use

The Top 4 SAT Reading Strategies You Must Use SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If the Reading section of the SATis challenging for you, you may be wondering what you can do to make sure you’re extra prepared. In this article, I’ve put together our top strategies for gaining confidence and improving your scores. SAT Reading Strategy #1: Practice Eliminating Wrong Answers The fundamental strategy of SAT Reading is that there is only one totally correct answer for each question, and you will be able to eliminate all three of the others based on evidence in the passage.This is easier said than done, which is why it’s important to work on eliminating answers in practice questions before taking the SAT for real. Remember that it’s all in the details!Even with questions that don't ask about literal facts from the passage, you will still be able to find direct evidence for your answer.If an answer choice includes something that doesn’t match up with the information presented in the passage, get rid of it. Sometimes you'll have to look outside the specific lines referenced in the question for additional context. It's also helpful to answer questions in your own words first if they seem a bit confusing. That way you'll already have a rough idea of what the answer should be and are less likely to be tricked into choosing an answer that is slightly off. Many students get tripped up by answer choices that are plausible interpretations of information in the text but aren’t supported by direct evidence.Don’t let that be you! SAT ReadingStrategy #2: Find a Good Passage Reading Method Before you take the SAT, it’s important to know how you plan to attack passages so you don’t panic or run out of time on the real test.There are a few different ways you can read passages. You should test out each of them on a timed practice test to see which one feels best for you. Method #1: Skim the Passage First This is a method that works well for many people because it allows you to get a strong grasp on the main ideas of the passage before reading the questions (while also not wasting too much time). The best way to skim a long passage is to read the intro and conclusion paragraphs and then read the first and last sentences of every body paragraph.This way you’ll understand the main points the author is trying to make and be able to answer big picture questions about the passage.If you need to go back and read certain parts again to sort out details, you can do that on a question-by-question basis. Method #2: Skip Right to the Questions This might sound like a scary thing to advocate, but it actually works pretty well because the SAT gives you line numbers for most Reading questions. You can answer all the questions about details in the passage and vocabulary in context first. Sometimes the information you need isn't contained in the lines given by the question, so don't be afraid to look outside of them for more context. Once you've answered a few detail questions, you’ll probably have a good sense of the author’s main argument and be able to answer big picture and inference questions as well.If not, you can always go back and use the skimming process in Method #1 to clear up any confusion. Method #3: Read the Passage Thoroughly This is the method that most people use instinctively because it’s what they’ve been taught to do in school.It may work fine for you, but be careful to experiment and verify that you’re not losing too much time by reading closely. Some people read quickly under pressure but don't actually absorb any information. Make sure you know that you're both a quick AND thorough reader before you decide to use this method. It's ok to use shortcuts on the SAT as long as you still arrive at the right answer! Bonus Strategy #2.5: Answer Questions in a Logical Order Based on Your Reading Method Once you find the method that words best for you, you should use it to inform the order in which you answer questions on the Reading section. If you use Method #1 and skim the passage or use Method #3 and read all the way through first, answer big picture questions first while the main ideas of the passage are still fresh in your mind. If you use Method #2 and skip straight to the questions, answer detail questions first. SAT Reading Strategy #3: Understand Your Mistakes If you don’t make the effort to understand your mistakes on practice tests, you’re not going to learn from them, and you won’t improve your scores!Try to avoid saying â€Å"oh, I just made a dumb mistake†. Really get specific about why you messed up so you can fix the problem next time. Here are all the different types of mistakes you might come across on the Reading section along with information on how to address the problems associated with each of them: Types of Mistakes Type 1: Time Pressure Did you run out of time before reaching a question or answer it wrong because you were rushing?Try to figure out why you’re so pressed for time. You may need to change your passage reading strategy or do more practice tests to get used to the format. Type 2: Misunderstanding the Question Make sure you know what the question is asking before you do ANYTHING else.If questions on the SAT often confuse you, try restating them in your own words before looking for an answer.Don’t fall for the SAT's use of tricky wording. Type 3: Content Weakness If you’re making mistakes in areas where you don’t know the material, you’ll need to do some serious additional studying.For the Reading section, content weakness is usuallyless of an issue.The best way to fix this is to readmore challenging materials in your daily life. This will help you practice the reading comprehension skills you're expected to exercise on the SAT. Type 4: Carelessness Did you miss an â€Å"EXCEPT† in the question? Did you rush and not read carefully enough?Remind yourself to read carefullyand special attention to words like â€Å"least† or â€Å"except†.Try different strategies to reduce the time pressure on yourself and prevent rushing. As you take practice tests, mark every question that you’re unsure about (even the ones that you end up getting right), and come back to it later so you can analyze why it confused you.This is incredibly productive because it forces you to confront exactly what’s happening to make you lose points. Whenyou get to the real test, you won’t run into any questions that trip you up because you’ll be prepared for everything that once stumped you. Careless mistakes are the most painful mistakes. Although, judging by the state of the cone, this person was confused and tried to eat the ice cream upside down. In that case it was content weakness. SAT Reading Strategy #4: Figure Out Which Questions Are Your Problem, and Practice Them This goes hand in hand with analyzing your mistakes.Even if you know what your mistakes are, you won't be able to correct them until you get into the SAT trenches and start doing practice questions that challenge you in the same ways. If time is your problem, this might be a matter of taking more timed practice tests to get used to the pressure.If you struggle with specific question types or content areas, it’s a matter of practicing those question types over and over again until you can practically do them with your eyes closed. This means that you shouldn’t just buy an SAT review book, read it cover to cover, and expect to improve. You need to be specific about your main areas of weakness.Every time you miss or are even slightly unsure about a question on a practice test, circle it so you can come back to it later and figure out which type of question it is. By keeping track of the question types you tend to miss the most, you can detect patterns in your mistakes. Review If you want to get your best score ever on SAT Reading, there are a few key strategies you should follow to make the most of your studying: Strategy #1: Practice eliminating wrong answers Strategy #2: Find a good passage reading method Strategy #3: Make sure you understand your mistakes Strategy #4: Figure out which questions are your problem and practice them With these strategies, you should be able to correct any issues you’re having on the reading section and end up with a great score! What's Next? Now that you know the top strategies for SAT Reading, you should also check out my article on the best SAT Reading tips for more quick ways to improve your scores. If you're aiming for a perfect score on Evidence-Based Reading and Writing , take a look at our article detailing how to get an 800. Trying to decide where to start in terms of SAT Reading practice? Read this article on the best way to practice for the Reading section. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

A Study On Child Labour Today English Language Essay

A Study On Child Labour Today English Language Essay The purpose of this research paper is to study situations of children working in conditions which are detrimental to their physical and mental health. It has been observed that they are employed to do the job of a peasant, miner, collier and in places which abound in chemicals, pesticides and dangerous machinery. Others are hired to do exhausting domestic work as domestic servants or the work done behind the walls of auto work shops where they remain invisible from the eyes of observers. To affirm the views and ideas about child labor I have used primary and secondary recourses long with some counter arguments. So the surveys are the primary sources where as the secondary sources are the websites and books. Besides, did research findings like making charts to determine the results after doing the surveys. Where in the conclusion I wrote some ways to decrease child labor and wrote recommendation. Section 1- Introduction: Child labor is arise in the 18th century of industrial revoluti on where young children were working in companies for long hours with less fee (Shahrokhi, 1996, no page). For instant, in England and Scotland there were about 60% children working in factories for making textiles (Pakhare, 2007, no page). Child labor has become a pervasive issue which is being discussed extensively in different international forums since the awakening of human right organizations around the world. With the help of some concrete steps taken by the developed nations, the issue has been countered to a considerable extent in the developed countries but it is still extremely intimidating in the under-developed countries. The term Child Labor does not have one concrete definition. Different people and organizations define it differently. â€Å"UNICEF defines child labor as work that exceeds a minimum number of hours, depending on the age of child and on the type of work. Such work is considered harmful to child and should therefore be eliminated. Ages 5-11 : At least one hour of economic work or 28 hours of domestic work per week. Ages 12-14 : At least 14 hours of economic work or 28 hours of domestic work per week. Ages 15-17 : At least 43 hours of economic or domestic work per week† (UNICEF Child Labour, 2008, no page). As per the UNICEF estimate over 158 million children around the age 5-14 are some way or the other occupied in child labor. Among them, millions are working in conditions which are detrimental to their health. They are employed to do the job of a miner, collier and in places which abound in chemicals, pesticides and dangerous machinery. Others are hired to do exhausting domestic work as domestic servants or the work done behind the walls of auto work shops where they remain invisible from the eyes of observers (UNICEF Child Labour, 2008, no page). Child Labor is a serious nuisance and has extremely negative effects on children. Children engaged in child labor suffer from physical deformation as well as psychologica l abnormalities; besides, it promotes crime rate and anti-love sentiments in our society and it also becomes a reason of an ever increasing number of illiterate people. Therefore, it is very important to fight child labor with tooth and nail to ensure the physical, psychological and mental health of our society. The audiences are the universal public so the aim of this paper is to influence them about child labor. Consequently, the research paper consist of five sections and each section has a valuable information and a results that will help the readers to realize what does child labor do to children. Section one will be about what is child labor and history of child labor. In section two there will be counter arguments that discuss about the negative and positive opinion of different people with my opinion about child labor. Then the third section is research method where I had used a primary source which is the survey to help me to get supported evidence. Besides the forth sectio n is linked with section 3 where it shows the result findings o the surveys. The last section is the conclusion and the recommendation that will give a summary of the research and suggestions for child labor.

Risk assessment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Risk assessment 3 - Essay Example Here we have production of the Formaldehyde that is supplied to a number of Industrial Customers throughout the UK and Europe. The main problem we are facing is with the place where our company is situated. This place is outside the industrial centre of the city and is relatively close to three housing estates and a small village, which in total have a population of 3000 people. The next problem is the tributary to the River Dee that passes directly alongside to company’s site boundary. This River is a successful habitat for salmon and other species of wildlife. Our production of Formaldehyde and industrial wastes are danger to these habitats. The main advantage of this location is the facilities of adjacent road and rail network which is utilized to transport our products. And also this plant is here over 40 years and it is really a prime location. There is also leakage from the tanks of Formaldehyde because a small formaldehyde leak from an on site storage tank about three years ago. The leakage was contained within the tank storage bund. There is a great danger to the levies of employment and residential people those are approximately 1250 persons. The production of the formaldehyde is a major bossiness constitute of our company so we did not stop its production. The thing we can de is the enhancement of companies overall working system. For this all we have to do a compliance risk analysis research and the identification of weak sectors where we need to so work. The main purpose of this report is to streamline the major risk factors and devising a mitigation plan for there resolution. In this section I will present a detailed risk assessment using a quantitative method. The main purpose of this assessment is to discover risks to our business from the on site process and transportation off site of formaldehyde. Here I have selected the event tree analysis

Lessons of the Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lessons of the Cold War - Essay Example Notably, the leaders from both sides changed after a year of the war, but the war continued. Cold war led three main political blocks globally: the pro-America policies, the pro-Soviet Union policies, and the nations that never supported either side. In fighting the war, the first president of the United States into the war, President Harry Truman used a doctrine that was referred to the Truman Doctrine (Carafano, Cox, and Rosenzweig 64). In his doctrine, Truman supported communism effectively. This made him take control over Greece and Turkey. Additionally, the United States used the Marshall plan that strengthened the government and economies of the countries within Western Europe. The main reason why the nuclear war occurred despite the presence of nuclear weapons in Cuba was that the Soviet United agreed to remove them after the United States had detected their presence. Additionally, both sides agreed to end or ban their nuclear weapon tests above the ground, in space, and under water (Carafano, Cox, and Rosenzweig 231). There was further ban of deployment and testing of the long distance missiles. Despite the series of agreements, the United States was seen as the winner of the war since during the war it formed ally with numerous, powerful nations and supported numerous other nation that strengthened it support. Moreover, it international or foreign policies seemed to have worked well for it. Though it seems too difficult to achieve, the United States should aim at seeking allies with some Muslim world.  

Why Marc Antony is a Round Character :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare wonderfully develops the character Marc Antony in his play Julius Caesar to be a round character. Round characters meaning a character that has many traits and isn’t predictable. Antony, who seems to not have many different traits at the beginning of Julius Caesar, really starts showing his real self after Caesar’s death. That also shows that he is unpredictable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Antony’s monologues and soliloquies really help to show readers Antony as a round character. A few traits these soliloquies and monologues show are that he is manipulative and smart, yet also caring and loving. Other traits Antony shows include agreeable, but capable of being in charge; athletic; popular; and able to give recognition where it is deserved. Like most people, Antony has both bad and good traits, and his speeches reflect that.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The manipulative nature of Antony proves true two times. The first time is when Antony is speaking at Caesar’s funeral. Antony is manipulating the crowd by using pauses and by talking Brutus up. This is what Antony says in that instance, â€Å"Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; and Brutus is an honorable man.† (Act III, scene ii, lines 94-95) Antony is saying maybe Brutus is right because he says Caesar was ambitious, and Brutus is, in fact, a very honorable man. In another instance he says, â€Å"Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it,† speaking of Caesar’s will. (Act III, scene ii, line 141) Antony is trying to get the people excited about the will, so they will tell him to read it by acting like he shouldn’t read it. The second time Antony shows that he is manipulative when he wants to change Caesar’s will. At that time Antony proves himself by saying, â€Å"But, Lepidus, go you to Caesar’s house; Fetc h the will hither, and we shall determine how to cut off some charge in legacies.† (Act IV, scene I, lines 7-9) Antony is telling Lepidus to go get the will so they can change it. Antony’s ability to be manipulative is well proven in these instances.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The loving side of Antony that allows him to give recognition where it is deserved is shown a few times. One time comes close after Caesar’s death. Antony says, â€Å"Thou art the ruins of the noblest man that ever lived in the tide of the times,† and it shows his love for Caesar by saying that the noblest man he ever knew was now dead.

Why Do Ads Target Children?

Why do Ads Target Children? Have you ever been in an isle of a store and heard, but mom I really want this I saw it on television? This is a product of advertising. Since the late 1980’s children have emerged as a key demographic to marketers. Advertisements selling everything from the latest video game to the newest automobile are now targeted to the youth of our world. Children have buying power that sways their parents’ purchases, and they are the future consumer. Marketing to children is creating the children’s ability to nag a parent into purchases. Nagging or â€Å"Pester Power† is the most used strategy in the market today. The theory behind this is rather than going straight to the parent, give the child the buying power. Children are much more persuasive in the middle of a shopping trip than that commercial the parent heard two hours ago. Children often get their â€Å"wants† based on their persistence of needing a product. If someone asks you whether you want a Coke or Pepsi, you immediately know you're being asked about a carbonated cola beverage — with distinct yet subtle differences between the two. Which ever brand you choose, Coke or Pepsi shows that somewhere along the line you developed a preference for that product. In Advertising it is called product loyalty. Marketers use Repetition of products children have no current use for such as a Ford Truck to build brand recognition in hopes that as an adult they will buy that Ford verses the Chevrolet. It also works with things such as Cake mixes. A child watches the Betty Crocker cake mix ad, nags the parent into buying and using the product. Then in turn buys the product as an adult based on their experience as a child. The Market has seen a new angle to encourage children to buy brand X over the competitor’s product. Many schools have lost funding due to our economic downfall. So advertisers such as Campbell’s soup have come up with campaigns such as â€Å"Labels for Education†. Basically you buy their product. Send in the label and earn stuff for your school. This gives both children and parents a creditable reason for buying the product. Corporations are also gaining access to advertise in public schools in exchange for materials. Frito Lay will sponsor events in schools in exchange for tagging their logo n flyers advertising the event. Children are easily influenced by things they see. Nine times out of ten a child will pick the cereal with Hannah Montana on the box over the box that she’s not on. Since the days of radio children have been introduced to the idea that if I want to be a star I should eat the same cereals that the stars’ eats. The use of role mode ls and celebrities to influence children is used everywhere. If it is meant for the use or consumption of a child you will most likely find a celebrity attached to it. On average there are three televisions and one computer in every home. So it is no wonder how advertising can reach so many children. Just a child sitting down to do some school researches can be inundated with hundreds of advertisements in an hour’s time. A half hour television special contains at the least 10 minutes of commercials. Just about everywhere you look someone is trying to sell something. Although, children have no direct income of their own we often overlook their buying power. In today’s busy world parents have tendency to buy more to satisfy their children. From candy bars to flat screens never underestimate the buying power of a whining child.